Perioperative anxiety and depression in patients undergoing transurethral urological surgeries: The role of anesthetic management

Table 3 Postoperative complications by baseline anxiety level, n (%)

Complication	Low anxiety (n = 38)	Moderate anxiety (n = 31)	Severe anxiety (n = 51)	P value
Any complication	6 (15.8)	9 (29.0)	17 (33.3)	0.04
Clavien-Dindo grade				0.02
Grade I	4 (10.5)	5 (16.1)	9 (17.6)
Grade II	2 (5.3)	3 (9.7)	6 (11.8)
Urinary retention	2 (5.3)	4 (12.9)	9 (17.6)	0.04
Bleeding requiring transfusion	1 (2.6)	2 (6.5)	3 (5.9)	0.68
UTI	2 (5.3)	3 (9.7)	5 (9.8)	0.71
Readmission within 30 days	1 (2.6)	2 (6.5)	4 (7.8)	0.58

Anxiety severity was categorized based on State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-state scores as follows: Low anxiety (20-39), moderate anxiety (40-54), and severe anxiety (≥ 55). Postoperative complications were graded according to the Clavien-Dindo classification. UTI: Urinary tract infection.