Perioperative anxiety and depression in patients undergoing transurethral urological surgeries: The role of anesthetic management

Table 1 Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics, n (%)

Characteristic	Total (n = 120)	General anesthesia (n = 58)	Spinal anesthesia (n = 62)	P value
Age (years), mean ± SD	62.4 ± 11.3	61.8 ± 12.1	63.0 ± 10.6	0.56
Male sex	78 (65.0)	38 (65.5)	40 (64.5)	0.91
BMI (kg/m2), mean ± SD	26.8 ± 4.2	27.1 ± 4.5	26.5 ± 3.9	0.43
ASA classification				0.68
I	28 (23.3)	14 (24.1)	14 (22.6)
II	68 (56.7)	31 (53.4)	37 (59.7)
III	24 (20.0)	13 (22.4)	11 (17.7)
Procedure type				0.82
TURP	68 (56.7)	32 (55.2)	36 (58.1)
TURBT	42 (35.0)	21 (36.2)	21 (33.9)
Other	10 (8.3)	5 (8.6)	5 (8.1)
Previous surgery	45 (37.5)	22 (37.9)	23 (37.1)	0.92
Comorbidities
Hypertension	52 (43.3)	25 (43.1)	27 (43.5)	0.96
Diabetes	31 (25.8)	15 (25.9)	16 (25.8)	0.99
Cardiac disease	18 (15.0)	9 (15.5)	9 (14.5)	0.88

Previous surgery refers to any prior surgical procedure documented in the medical record. BMI: Body mass index; ASA: American Society of Anesthesiologists; TURP: Transurethral resection of the prostate; TURBT: Transurethral resection of bladder tumor.