Anxiety, depression, and quality of life in hepatocellular carcinoma treated with drug-eluting microspheres plus lenvatinib: A prospective study

Table 3 Changes in quality of life scores over time (n = 126), mean ± SD

Scale/domain	At baseline	At 3 months	At 6 months	At 12 months	P value1
EORTC QLQ-C30
Global health status/QoL	52.3 ± 15.7	65.8 ± 14.5a	69.4 ± 13.8a	71.2 ± 14.3a	< 0.001
Physical functioning	68.5 ± 18.3	75.9 ± 16.8a	78.6 ± 16.1a	81.2 ± 15.7a	< 0.001
Role functioning	65.2 ± 21.4	72.4 ± 18.9a	76.1 ± 17.5a	78.9 ± 17.8a	< 0.001
Emotional functioning	63.7 ± 19.5	72.8 ± 17.2a	76.9 ± 16.4a	79.6 ± 16.2a	< 0.001
Cognitive functioning	71.8 ± 17.2	77.3 ± 15.8a	80.2 ± 15.1a	82.4 ± 14.9a	< 0.001
Social functioning	64.9 ± 20.8	71.5 ± 18.6a	74.8 ± 17.9a	77.3 ± 18.5a	< 0.001
Fatigue	58.3 ± 22.1	45.2 ± 20.3a	40.8 ± 19.7a	35.7 ± 19.4a	< 0.001
Nausea and vomiting	28.4 ± 21.5	22.7 ± 17.8a	19.3 ± 16.2a	15.2 ± 14.8a	< 0.001
Pain	52.6 ± 24.3	39.8 ± 21.6a	34.2 ± 20.1a	28.9 ± 18.7a	< 0.001
EORTC QLQ-HCC18
Fatigue	61.2 ± 21.8	48.7 ± 20.5a	43.9 ± 20.1a	38.4 ± 20.3a	< 0.001
Jaundice	35.2 ± 28.4	27.8 ± 24.7a	23.5 ± 23.1a	18.7 ± 22.3a	< 0.001
Nutrition	54.7 ± 23.2	42.3 ± 21.5a	37.8 ± 20.3a	32.8 ± 19.5a	< 0.001
Pain	49.8 ± 26.1	37.9 ± 23.4a	32.6 ± 21.8a	27.5 ± 20.9a	< 0.001
Body image	48.9 ± 25.7	38.2 ± 23.4a	33.7 ± 22.1a	29.6 ± 21.4a	< 0.001

^aP < 0.01 vs baseline (post-hoc analysis with Bonferroni correction).

¹P value from repeated-measures ANOVA for overall time effect.

EORTC: European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer; QLQ-C30: Quality of Life Questionnaire-Core 30; QLQ-HCC18: Quality of Life Questionnaire-Hepatocellular Carcinoma 18; QoL: Quality of life.