Association between depression, anxiety, and treatment adherence in patients with diabetic macular edema

Table 6 National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire-25 scores by depression and anxiety status, mean ± SD

NEI VFQ-25 subscale	Depression status			Anxiety status
	Present (n = 58)	Absent (n =72)	P value	Present (n = 49)	Absent (n = 81)	P value
Composite score	58.3 ± 14.2	72.6 ± 12.8	< 0.001	60.2 ± 14.8	70.8 ± 13.6	< 0.001
General health	42.2 ± 18.6	56.3 ± 19.2	< 0.001	44.4 ± 19.8	54.6 ± 19.3	0.004
General vision	48.6 ± 16.4	62.8 ± 15.2	< 0.001	50.6 ± 17.2	60.8 ± 16.0	0.001
Ocular pain	72.4 ± 20.3	76.0 ± 18.6	0.292	71.9 ± 20.8	75.9 ± 18.6	0.258
Near activities	52.8 ± 18.9	68.4 ± 16.2	< 0.001	54.7 ± 19.2	66.5 ± 17.3	< 0.001
Distance activities	54.3 ± 19.7	70.2 ± 17.3	< 0.001	56.1 ± 20.3	68.4 ± 18.2	< 0.001
Social functioning	56.9 ± 21.4	76.4 ± 18.2	< 0.001	58.7 ± 22.1	74.2 ± 19.6	< 0.001
Mental health	45.3 ± 19.8	68.2 ± 17.4	< 0.001	47.8 ± 20.6	65.4 ± 19.2	< 0.001
Role difficulties	48.7 ± 22.6	69.8 ± 20.3	< 0.001	51.2 ± 23.4	67.3 ± 21.8	< 0.001
Dependency	52.6 ± 23.8	74.3 ± 21.2	< 0.001	54.8 ± 24.6	71.9 ± 22.4	< 0.001
Driving1	58.2 ± 24.3	72.6 ± 21.8	0.002	60.4 ± 24.8	70.8 ± 22.6	0.026
Color vision	68.5 ± 22.1	82.3 ± 18.4	< 0.001	70.4 ± 22.6	80.9 ± 19.2	0.006
Peripheral vision	62.9 ± 21.7	78.5 ± 19.3	< 0.001	64.8 ± 22.3	76.9 ± 20.1	0.002

¹Driving subscale calculated only for patients who reported driving (n = 86).

NEI VFQ-25: National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire-25.