Effects of butorphanol combined with ropivacaine on plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone and cortisol levels and postpartum depression in labor analgesia

doi:10.5498/wjp.v16.i4.112785

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World Journal of Psychiatry

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2220-3206

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.

World J Psychiatry. Apr 19, 2026; 16(4): 112785
Published online Apr 19, 2026. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v16.i4.112785

Table 4 Comparison of Visual Analog Scale scores between the two groups at different time points, mean ± SD

Group	T0	T1	T2	T3	T4	T5
Control group	8.20 ± 0.61	3.02 ± 0.38	4.68 ± 0.31	5.04 ± 0.37	3.61 ± 0.29	2.69 ± 0.18
Research group	8.12 ± 0.56	2.03 ± 0.35	4.31 ± 0.28	4.57 ± 0.33	3.26 ± 0.19	2.41 ± 0.21
t	0.483	9.581	4.428	4.740	4.67	4.9
P value	0.581	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.002	0.089

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Citation: Shen X, Peng J, Zhang B, An N, Deng YF. Effects of butorphanol combined with ropivacaine on plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone and cortisol levels and postpartum depression in labor analgesia. World J Psychiatry 2026; 16(4): 112785
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2220-3206/full/v16/i4/112785.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5498/wjp.v16.i4.112785

Shen X, Peng J, Zhang B, An N, Deng YF. Effects of butorphanol combined with ropivacaine on plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone and cortisol levels and postpartum depression in labor analgesia. World J Psychiatry 2026; 16(4): 112785 [DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v16.i4.112785]

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