Psychological states in diabetic retinopathy: Social support correlates and risk factors

doi:10.5498/wjp.v16.i4.112523

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World Journal of Psychiatry

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2220-3206

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.

World J Psychiatry. Apr 19, 2026; 16(4): 112523
Published online Apr 19, 2026. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v16.i4.112523

Table 3 Psychological states in diabetic retinopathy cases, n (%)

Categories	Criteria	Results
Anxiety rate	HAMA ≥ 14 points	42 (33.60)
Depression rate	HAMD ≥ 17 points	31 (24.80)
Anxiety or depression rate	HAMA ≥ 14 points or HAMD ≥ 17 points	62 (49.60)
Anxiety-depression comorbidity rate	HAMA ≥ 14 points and HAMD ≥ 17 points	11 (8.80)

HAMA: Hamilton Anxiety Scale; HAMD: Hamilton Depression Scale.

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Citation: Yuan Y, Jian FJ, Wang L, Zhou BQ, Lin WE, Pang L, Wang Y. Psychological states in diabetic retinopathy: Social support correlates and risk factors. World J Psychiatry 2026; 16(4): 112523
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2220-3206/full/v16/i4/112523.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5498/wjp.v16.i4.112523

Yuan Y, Jian FJ, Wang L, Zhou BQ, Lin WE, Pang L, Wang Y. Psychological states in diabetic retinopathy: Social support correlates and risk factors. World J Psychiatry 2026; 16(4): 112523 [DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v16.i4.112523]

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