©Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2026.
World J Psychiatry. Mar 19, 2026; 16(3): 113625
Published online Mar 19, 2026. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v16.i3.113625
Published online Mar 19, 2026. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v16.i3.113625
Table 1 Baseline characteristics of patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty, n (%)
| Characteristics | Study group (n = 86) | Control group (n = 100) | P value |
| Demographic characteristics | |||
| Age (years), mean ± SD | 68.4 ± 12.5 | 65.9 ± 13.1 | 0.183 |
| Gender | 0.642 | ||
| Male | 49 (57.0) | 54 (54.0) | |
| Female | 37 (43.0) | 46 (46.0) | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 23.5 ± 4.1 | 24.1 ± 3.8 | 0.305 |
| Clinical characteristics | |||
| Duration of knee symptoms (months) | 7.8 ± 2.3 | 6.2 ± 1.8 | 0.028 |
| Kellgren-Lawrence grade | 0.731 | ||
| Grade III | 51 (59.3) | 63 (63.0) | |
| Grade IV | 35 (40.7) | 37 (37.0) | |
| Preoperative knee ROM (degrees) | 88.5 ± 15.6 | 95.2 ± 14.3 | 0.136 |
| Knee pain location | 0.840 | ||
| Medial | 45 (52.3) | 55 (55.0) | |
| Lateral | 19 (22.1) | 20 (20.0) | |
| Anterior | 14 (16.3) | 17 (17.0) | |
| Diffuse | 8 (9.3) | 8 (8.0) | |
| Comorbidities | |||
| Diabetes | 32 (37.2) | 33 (33.0) | 0.641 |
| Hypertension | 43 (50.0) | 45 (45.0) | 0.655 |
| Cardiovascular disease | 26 (30.2) | 27 (27.0) | 0.626 |
| Back pain | 15 (17.4) | 16 (16.0) | 0.844 |
- Citation: Shang S, Hu Y, Wang H, Rao RQ, Zhang F. Preoperative anxiety and psychological determinants of functional recovery after total knee arthroplasty: A retrospective cohort study. World J Psychiatry 2026; 16(3): 113625
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2220-3206/full/v16/i3/113625.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5498/wjp.v16.i3.113625