Clinical investigation of postpartum depression risk factors and screening predictors

Table 1 Comparison of basic demographic characteristics between the two groups of postpartum women, n (%)

Characteristics	PPD group (n = 59)	Non-PPD group (n = 317)	Statistics	P value
Age (years), mean ± SD	29.4 ± 4.7	30.1 ± 4.3	t = 1.120	0.264
Ethnicity			χ2 = 0.351	0.553
Han	53 (89.8)	292 (92.1)
Minority	6 (10.2)	25 (7.9)
Education level			χ2 = 0.545	0.46
High school and above	47 (79.7)	265 (83.6)
Junior high school and below	12 (20.3)	52 (16.4)
Employment status			χ2 = 0.617	0.432
Employed	36 (61.0)	210 (66.2)
Unemployed/housewife	23 (39.0)	107 (33.8)
Household registration			χ2 = 0.448	0.503
Urban	42 (71.2)	239 (75.4)
Rural	17 (28.8)	78 (24.6)
Only child			χ2 = 0.434	0.51
Yes	34 (57.6)	168 (53.0)
No	25 (42.4)	149 (47.0)
Marital status			χ2 = 0.825	0.364
Married with stable relationship	51 (86.4)	286 (90.2)
Others1	8 (13.6)	31 (9.8)
Religious belief			χ2 = 0.235	0.628
Yes	7 (11.9)	31 (9.8)
No	52 (88.1)	286 (90.2)
Number of prenatal visits (times), mean ± SD	10.3 ± 2.1	10.5 ± 1.9	t = 0.736	0.462
BMI (kg/m2), mean ± SD	26.8 ± 2.9	26.2 ± 2.7	t = 1.589	0.113
Living arrangement			χ2 = 0.762	0.383
With parents/in-laws	27 (45.8)	126 (39.7)
Couple only	32 (54.2)	191 (60.3)
Stable residence			χ2 = 0.858	0.354
Yes	55 (93.2)	304 (95.9)
No	4 (6.8)	13 (4.1)
Monthly family income (yuan)			χ2 = 4.640	0.031a
< 5000	14 (23.7)	42 (13.2)
≥ 5000	45 (76.3)	275 (86.8)

¹Others include unmarried, divorced, separated, etc.

^aP < 0.05, statistically significant difference.

t value represents independent sample t-test statistic. χ² represents χ² test statistic. PPD: Postpartum depression.