L-shaped association between fasting blood glucose and comorbid anxiety in Chinese patients with first-episode untreated major depressive disorder

Table 1 Baseline characteristics between major depressive disorder comorbid anxiety and non-comorbid anxiety, n (%)

Variables	FBG tertile (mmol/L)			P value
	T1 (3.7-5.0)	T2 (5.1-5.5)	T3 (5.6-8.2)
n	571	572	575
Age (years)	34.0 ± 12.2	34.9 ± 12.4	35.7 ± 12.7	0.077
Duration of illness (months)	4.0 (3.0-7.0)	5.5 (3.0-8.0)	6.0 (3.0-9.0)	< 0.001
Age at onset (years)	33.9 ± 12.1	34.7 ± 12.2	35.5 ± 12.5	0.09
HAMD	29.5 ± 2.9	30.2 ± 2.9	31.2 ± 2.8	< 0.001
HAMA	20.4 ± 3.2	20.5 ± 3.4	21.4 ± 3.7	< 0.001
TSH (uIU/mL)	3.8 ± 2.4	5.0 ± 2.0	6.4 ± 2.6	< 0.001
TPOAb (IU/L)	16.7 (12.2-28.9)	16.6 (12.2-33.3)	19.5 (12.7-49.0)	< 0.001
TGAb (IU/L)	20.4 (14.3-30.1)	21.6 (13.9-37.0)	22.4 (15.4-89.8)	< 0.001
FT3 (pmol/L)	4.9 ± 0.7	4.9 ± 0.7	4.9 ± 0.7	0.862
FT4 (pmol/L)	16.7 ± 3.2	16.6 ± 3.0	16.7 ± 3.1	0.85
TC (mmol/L)	4.9 ± 1.0	5.3 ± 1.0	5.6 ± 1.1	< 0.001
TG (mmol/L)	2.1 ± 1.0	2.1 ± 0.9	2.3 ± 1.0	< 0.001
HDL-C (mmol/L)	1.3 ± 0.3	1.2 ± 0.3	1.1 ± 0.3	< 0.001
LDL-C (mmol/L)	2.7 ± 0.8	3.0 ± 0.8	3.2 ± 0.9	< 0.001
BMI (kg/m2)	24.1 ± 1.9	24.5 ± 1.9	24.5 ± 2.0	< 0.001
Systolic pressure (mmHg)	116.1 ± 11.0	119.6 ± 10.5	122.7 ± 10.2	< 0.001
Diastolic pressure (mmHg)	74.8 ± 6.7	75.6 ± 6.4	77.4 ± 6.8	< 0.001
Gender				0.332
Male	209 (36.6)	187 (32.7)	192 (33.4)
Female	362 (63.4)	385 (67.3)	383 (66.6)
Education				0.84
Junior high school	127 (22.2)	138 (24.1)	148 (25.7)
Senior high school	260 (45.5)	247 (43.2)	253 (44.0)
College	153 (26.8)	155 (27.1)	141 (24.5)
Postgraduate	31 (5.4)	32 (5.6)	33 (5.7)
Marital status				0.457
Single	177 (31.0)	166 (29.0)	159 (27.7)
Marriage	394 (69.0)	406 (71.0)	416 (72.3)
Psychotic symptoms				< 0.001
No	532 (93.2)	524 (91.6)	491 (85.4)
Yes	39 (6.8)	48 (8.4)	84 (14.6)
Suicide attempt				< 0.001
No	477 (83.5)	484 (84.6)	411 (71.5)
Yes	94 (16.5)	88 (15.4)	164 (28.5)
Comorbid anxiety				< 0.001
No	131 (22.9)	125 (21.9)	82 (14.3)
Yes	440 (77.1)	447 (78.1)	493 (85.7)

Variables are indicated by n (%) or mean ± SD or median (quartiles 1-3). FBG: Fasting blood glucose; HAMD: 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression; HAMA: 14-item Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale; TSH: Thyroid-stimulating hormone; TGAb: Thyroglobulin antibody; TPOAb: Thyroid peroxidase antibody; FT3 and FT4: Free triiodothyronine and thyroxine, respectively; TC: Total cholesterol; HDL-C: High density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C: Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; TG: Triglyceride; BMI: Body mass index.