Non-coding RNA in extracellular vesicles and the occurrence and progression of psychiatric disorders: A narrative review

Table 2 The association between non-coding RNA and major depressive disorder

Ref.	Sample source	Samples	NcRNA	Method	Results
Wei et al[111], 2020	Blood exosomes	MDD: 33; HCs: 46	MiRNA	RT-qPCR	24 miRNAs up; 14 miRNAs down
Ran et al[112], 2022	Serum EVs	MDD: 9; HCs: 8	MiRNA	RNA-seq analysis; western blotting	miR-450a-2-3p up
Burrows et al[113], 2024	Peripheral blood	MDD: 41; HCs: 35	MiRNA	RT-qPCR	MDD is associated with lower NEEV miR-93 expression
Liu et al[114], 2014	Peripheral blood	MDD: 10; HCs:10	LncRNA	RNA-seq analysis; RT-qPCR	1556 lncRNA up; 441 lncRNA down
Cui et al[115], 2016	Peripheral blood	MDD: 120; HCs: 63	LncRNA	RT-qPCR	6 lncRNAs down
Yrondi et al[116], 2021	Peripheral blood	MDD: 201; HCs: 104	LncRNA	RNA-seq analysis; genome-wide DNA methylation analysis	BASP1-AS1 up
Cui et al[117], 2016	PBMCs	MDD: 30; HCs: 0	CircRNA	RT-qPCR	4 circRNAs up
Bu et al[118], 2021	Peripheral blood	MDD: 83; HCs: 83	CircRNA	RT-qPCR	hsa_circ_0126218 up
Yu et al[102], 2024	Plasma	MDD: 81; HCs: 48	CircRNA	RT-qPCR	circHIPK2 up

NcRNA: Non-coding RNA; EVs: Extracellular vesicles; PBMCs: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells; HCs: Healthy controls; MDD: Major depressive disorder; MiRNA: MicroRNA; CircRNA: Circular RNA; LncRNA: Long non-coding RNA; RT-qPCR: Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction; circHIPK2: Circular RNA-homeodomain-interacting protein kinase-2.