Prevalence, severity, and risk factors for depressive and anxiety symptoms among adolescents: A cross-sectional study

Table 3 Risk factors for depressive and anxiety symptoms in adolescents

Characteristic	Depressive symptoms			Anxiety symptoms
	OR	95%CI	P value	OR	95%CI	P value
Age	1.034	0.992-1.079	0.116	1.078	1.040-1.117	< 0.001
Sex
Male	1	-	-	1	-	-
Female	1.511	1.391-1.641	< 0.001	1.525	1.421-1.636	< 0.001
Educational level
Junior high school	1	-	-	1	-	-
Senior high school	1.154	0.993-1.342	0.062	0.965	0.848-1.097	0.586
Regions
Urban	1	-	-	1	-	-
Suburban	1.102	0.963-1.261	0.159	0.981	0.869-1.106	0.751
BMI (kg/m2)	1.010	0.999-1.021	0.062	1.016	1.007-1.026	< 0.001
Smoking
No	1	-	-	1	-	-
Yes	1.704	1.440-2.017	< 0.001	1.843	1.589-2.138	< 0.001
PSSS
Family support	0.904	0.894-0.914	< 0.001	0.908	0.899-0.917	< 0.001
Friend support	0.999	0.988-1.010	0.864	0.978	0.968-0.987	< 0.001
Significant others	0.928	0.915-0.941	< 0.001	0.949	0.937-0.962	< 0.001
Parental relationship
Harmony	1	-	-	1	-	-
Moderate	1.619	1.482-1.770	< 0.001	1.521	1.407-1.643	< 0.001
Conflict	2.282	1.940-2.682	< 0.001	1.818	1.556-2.124	< 0.001
Annual household income
Better	1	-	-	1	-	-
Good	1.048	0.959-1.146	0.303	1.035	0.961-1.115	0.366
Fair	1.434	1.211-1.698	< 0.001	1.177	1.010-1.372	0.037
Physical activity level
High	1	-	-	1	-	-
Medium	1.188	1.047-1.349	0.008	1.106	0.996-1.229	0.060
Low	1.555	1.373-1.760	< 0.001	1.437	1.296-1.594	< 0.001
WEDUT
Low	1	-	-	1	-	-
Moderate	1.243	1.131-1.366	< 0.001	1.303	1.204-1.411	< 0.001
High	2.129	1.912-2.370	< 0.001	1.891	1.720-2.078	< 0.001
FC
No	1	-	-	1	-	-
Yes	1.261	1.101-1.444	0.001	1.195	1.060-1.348	0.004

CI: Confidence interval; OR: Odds ratio; BMI: Body mass index; WEDUT: Weekly electronic device usage time; FC: Functional constipation.