Videoconferencing-delivered psychotherapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder in low-resource settings: A pilot study from India

Table 3 Videoconferencing- delivered exposure and response prevention treatment for obsessive-compulsive disorder: Comparison with inpatient treatment

Variables	VC-based ERP (from 2020-2023) (n = 20)	Inpatient ERP (from 2016 and 2017) (n = 17)	Comparisons
Duration of ERP (month), mean ± SD	5.5 ± 3.3 (range 3-9)	2.5 ± 2.4 (range 2-5)	t = 3.11; df = 35; P < 0.01
Frequency of sessions	Clinician supervised: Every 7-14 days	Daily sessions supervised by clinicians and attended by family members	-
	Family member supervised: Daily
Average number of clinician-supervised ERP sessions, mean ± SD	11 ± 5.4 (range 6-18)	63.5 ± 30.1 (range 45-90)	t = 7.67; df = 35; P < 0.001
Duration of ERP sessions	30-45 minutes	40-75 minutes	-
Average pre-treatment YBOCS scores, mean ± SD	27.45 ± 5.65 (range 17-38)	28.07 ± 7.84 (range 11-38)	t = 0.44; df = 35; P = 0.67 - not significant
Average post-treatment YBOCS scores, mean ± SD	4.02 ± 3.85 (range 0-13)	9.73 ± 8.11 (range 0-24)	t = 2.80; df = 35; P < 0.05
Pre-treatment vs post-treatment YBOCS scores	Significant change (P < 0.001)	Significant change (P < 0.001)	t = 2.0; df = 35; P = 0.05 - not significant
Change in YBOCS scores, mean ± SD	22.43 ± 7.79	17.36 ± 7.49
Cohen’s d values	4.85	2.30	-
Duration of follow-up	6-26 months	-	-
Outcome at last follow-up YBOCS and remission criteria1	YBOCS score at last follow-up: 3.55 ± 2.35	-	-
	All patients had remained in recovery and none had relapsed

¹Remission criteria according to Mataix-Cols et al[47].

VC: Videoconferencing; ERP: Exposure and response prevention; YBOCS: Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale.