Characteristics and functions of the gut microbiome in monozygotic twins with autism spectrum disorders of varying severity

Figure 5 A phylogenetic cladogram that focuses on the genus Porphyromonas. The phylogenetic cladogram visualized the relationships between microbial communities and the differences among groups. Each dot represents a taxonomic unit, from phylum to genus. Yellow dots indicate nodes with no significant differences, while red dots represent nodes that are significantly more common in the severe monozygotic twins with autism spectrum disorder group. The red-highlighted area emphasizes the genus Porphyromonas and its related branches. The cladogram indicates that the genus Porphyromonas has distinct branches and red clusters in the outer circle of the phylogenetic tree. MZCo-ASD-H: Severe monozygotic twins with autism spectrum disorder.