Triglyceride-glucose index combined with a body shape index in relation to sleep problems and sleep duration

doi:10.5498/wjp.123981

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World Journal of Psychiatry

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2220-3206

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

Observational Study

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World J Psychiatry. Nov 19, 2026; 16(11): 123981
Published online Nov 19, 2026. doi: 10.5498/wjp.123981

Table 2 Baseline characteristics of participants with sleep problems stratified by tertiles of the triglyceride-glucose index combined with a body shape index

Characteristic	TyG-ABSI			P value
Characteristic	T1 (≤ 6.66)	T2 (< 7.34)	T3 (≥ 7.34)	P value
Participant	217	334	421
Age (years)	42.45 (39.87-45.03)	51.05 (49.13-52.98)	56.32 (54.83-57.80)	< 0.0001
Gender				< 0.0001
Male	31.76 (24.00-40.67)	50.49 (44.49-56.49)	64.37 (57.28-70.87)
Female	68.24 (59.33-76.00)	49.51 (43.51-55.51)	35.63 (29.13-42.72)
Race/ethnicity				< 0.0001
Non-Hispanic White	67.78 (61.29-73.66)	71.86 (66.02-77.04)	81.14 (76.12-85.30)
Non-Hispanic Black	20.76 (16.08-26.39)	11.93 (9.14-15.42)	4.87 (3.30-7.12)
Mexican American	5.04 (2.85-8.76)	4.72 (2.78-7.91)	4.67 (2.96-7.32)
Other Hispanic	3.49 (1.98-6.06)	5.47 (3.59-8.25)	4.30 (2.71-6.78)
Other race	2.92 (1.27-6.59)	6.03 (3.71-9.65)	5.02 (3.01-8.26)
Education level				0.1148
Under Highschool	1.66 (0.67-4.05)	6.65 (3.93-11.03)	6.78 (4.92-9.27)
Highschool	30.67 (23.23-39.28)	33.05 (26.69-40.10)	36.00 (29.80-42.71)
Above Highschool	67.66 (59.09-75.19)	60.30 (52.28-67.81)	57.21 (50.29-63.87)
Poverty income ratio	2.95 (2.71-3.18)	2.97 (2.69-3.25)	2.82 (2.57-3.08)	0.6353
Smoke				< 0.0001
Never	55.46 (46.85-63.76)	45.93 (37.86-54.22)	34.44 (27.84-41.69)
Former	20.01 (13.87-27.97)	24.09 (18.92-30.14)	38.22 (32.24-44.58)
Now	21.87 (16.56-28.31)	28.91 (23.41-35.12)	27.30 (22.15-33.14)
Alcohol use				0.0017
Never	11.77 (7.24-18.58)	8.87 (5.15-14.87)	10.79 (7.78-14.78)
Former	10.59 (6.51-16.77)	22.62 (17.49-28.73)	26.00 (20.30-32.65)
Mild	26.14 (19.63-33.89)	31.14 (23.17-40.41)	33.38 (27.05-40.38)
Moderate	26.38 (18.33-36.40)	15.40 (10.62-21.79)	11.61 (7.88-16.77)
Heavy	18.06 (12.16-25.96)	18.28 (13.49-24.29)	12.92 (9.08-18.06)
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)	68.90 (67.17-70.64)	70.05 (68.49-71.62)	70.73 (69.02-72.45)	0.3273
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)	117.80 (115.78-119.82)	120.46 (118.16-122.76)	126.59 (124.74-128.43)	< 0.0001
ALT (U/L)	22.39 (20.31-24.47)	25.33 (23.46-27.20)	31.22 (28.25-34.19)	0.0001
AST (U/L)	23.96 (21.77-26.14)	26.46 (23.22-29.70)	28.97 (26.70-31.24)	0.0134
Blood urea nitrogen (mg/dL)	13.16 (12.32-13.99)	13.11 (12.53-13.70)	14.96 (14.34-15.58)	< 0.0001
Creatinine (mg/dL)	0.88 (0.85-0.91)	0.91 (0.88-0.95)	0.99 (0.94-1.03)	0.0002
Bilirubin, total (mg/dL)	0.73 (0.67-0.79)	0.72 (0.68-0.76)	0.73 (0.68-0.77)	0.9687
Cholesterol, total (mg/dL)	181.50 (174.02-188.98)	194.00 (188.25-199.75)	195.96 (189.73-202.20)	0.0222
Direct HDL-cholesterol (mg/dL)	59.62 (56.80-62.45)	53.43 (51.24-55.63)	43.80 (42.29-45.32)	< 0.0001
LDH (U/L)	129.37 (124.38-134.37)	132.71 (128.40-137.03)	132.43 (128.78-136.08)	0.5165
Triglycerides (mg/dL)	73.57 (66.58-80.55)	114.43 (107.92-120.94)	226.72 (190.74-262.69)	< 0.0001
Diabetes mellitus				< 0.0001
No	83.02 (77.27-87.55)	63.15 (57.00-68.90)	34.35 (28.13-41.17)
Diabetes mellitus	9.42 (6.15-14.16)	13.91 (9.85-19.29)	49.77 (43.02-56.53)
Impaired fasting glycaemia	2.03 (0.80-5.06)	12.03 (7.97-17.76)	9.71 (6.78-13.73)
Impaired glucose tolerance	5.53 (2.91-10.27)	10.91 (7.19-16.22)	6.16 (3.72-10.04)
Hyperlipidemia				< 0.0001
No	42.98 (35.28-51.03)	18.26 (13.59-24.08)	6.47 (3.95-10.44)
Yes	57.02 (48.97-64.72)	81.74 (75.92-86.41)	93.53 (89.56-96.05)
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease				0.0001
No	91.71 (86.19-95.14)	85.37 (79.93-89.52)	73.59 (66.71-79.48)
Yes	8.29 (4.86-13.81)	14.63 (10.48-20.07)	26.41 (20.52-33.29)
Congestive heart failure				0.0361
No	97.68 (91.30-99.41)	92.50 (88.18-95.32)	89.97 (85.65-93.09)
Yes	2.32 (0.59-8.70)	7.50 (4.68-11.82)	10.03 (6.91-14.35)
Myocardial infarction				0.0001
No	96.82 (93.77-98.40)	92.55 (88.00-95.47)	86.79 (81.91-90.51)
Yes	3.18 (1.60-6.23)	7.45 (4.53-12.00)	13.21 (9.49-18.09)
Angina pectoris				0.0004
No	98.25 (95.92-99.26)	95.83 (92.84-97.60)	90.84 (86.86-93.71)
Yes	1.75 (0.74-4.08)	4.17 (2.40-7.16)	9.16 (6.29-13.14)
Sleep duration (hours)	6.20 (5.90-6.49)	6.40 (6.20-6.59)	6.61 (6.40-6.82)	0.0904

Data are presented as survey-weighted means (95%CIs) for continuous variables and survey-weighted proportions (95%CIs) for categorical variables. ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; HDL: High-density lipoprotein; LDH: Lactate dehydrogenase; TyG-ABSI: Triglyceride-glucose index combined with a body shape index.

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Citation: Zhang YC, Yu ZZ, Zheng WT, Wang C. Triglyceride-glucose index combined with a body shape index in relation to sleep problems and sleep duration. World J Psychiatry 2026; 16(11): 123981
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2220-3206/full/v16/i11/123981.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5498/wjp.123981

Zhang YC, Yu ZZ, Zheng WT, Wang C. Triglyceride-glucose index combined with a body shape index in relation to sleep problems and sleep duration. World J Psychiatry 2026; 16(11): 123981 [DOI: 10.5498/wjp.123981]

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