Neural correlates of aggressive impulsive behavior differ between schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: An event-related potential study with a go/no-go task

doi:10.5498/wjp.123531

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World Journal of Psychiatry

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2220-3206

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.

World J Psychiatry. Nov 19, 2026; 16(11): 123531
Published online Nov 19, 2026. doi: 10.5498/wjp.123531

Table 1 Demographics characteristics and clinical assessment (mean ± SD)

Variables	HC (n = 56)	BD (n = 44)	SCZ (n = 47)	Statistics	Bonferroni/T2
Age (years)	32.20 ± 7.41	31.91 ± 7.68	31.55 ± 8.57	F = 0.086, P = 0.918
Sex (M/F)	32/24	23/21	29/18	χ² = 0.825, P = 0.662
BMI (kg/m²)	23.87 ± 4.70	25.49 ± 5.06	25.23 ± 5.09	F = 1.609, P = 0.204
Education (years)	14.14 ± 2.45	13.23 ± 2.77	12.96 ± 3.18	F = 2.717, P = 0.071
Duration of illness (months)	-	120.6 ± 92.5	74.2 ± 90.6	t = 2.417, P = 0.018	BD > SCZ
PANSS	-	55.11 ± 16.34	71.00 ± 12.71	t = -5.194, P = 0.000	BD < SCZ
PANSS-P	-	12.80 ± 4.58	15.57 ± 5.75	t = -2.539, P = 0.013	BD < SCZ
PANSS-N	-	12.39 ± 6.55	18.68 ± 5.79	t = -4.863, P = 0.000	BD < SCZ
PANSS-G	-	29.93 ± 10.13	36.74 ± 7.03	t = -3.747, P = 0.000	BD < SCZ
YMRS	-	8.48 ± 3.00	6.70 ± 2.98	t =2.828, P = 0.006	BD > SCZ
BIS-11	70.46 ± 16.50	89.82 ± 14.60	82.87 ± 23.59	F = 19.406, P = 0.000	BD = SCZ > HC
BIS-11--MI	18.93 ± 5.20	29.43 ± 6.57	22.68 ± 8.84	F = 37.388, P = 0.000	BD > SCZ > HC
BIS-11-AI	26.25 ± 8.15	29.34 ± 7.50	29.66 ± 9.62	F = 2.577, P = 0.080
BIS-11-NPI	25.29 ± 8.39	31.05 ± 7.56	30.53 ± 10.02	F = 6.920, P = 0.001	BD = SCZ > HC
RPAQ	33.29 ± 12.17	44.14 ± 13.33	41.04 ± 10.86	F = 10.818, P = 0.000	BD = SCZ > HC
RPAQ-RA	21.41 ± 9.16	32.36 ± 11.25	29.45 ± 10.02	F = 16.132, P = 0.000	BD = SCZ > HC
RPAQ-PA, median (interquartile range)	10 (10, 11)	10 (10, 13)	10 (10, 12)	F = 0.647, P = 0.724
BPAQ	52.29 ± 17.82	68.11 ± 21.81	63.02 ± 19.35	F = 8.656, P = 0.000	BD = SCZ > HC
BPAQ-PA	12.09 ± 4.85	13.70 ± 6.71	12.68 ± 6.52	F = 0.899, P = 0.409
BPAQ-VA	9.30 ± 3.62	11.91 ± 4.75	11.13 ± 3.94	F = 5.443, P = 0.005	BD = SCZ > HC
BPAQ-A	11.00 ± 4.39	15.82 ± 5.62	13.72±5.51	F = 11.024, P = 0.000	BD = SCZ > HC
BPAQ-H	11.98 ± 4.17	16.30 ± 6.35	17.40 ± 7.34	F = 14.267, P = 0.000	BD = SCZ > HC
BPAQ-SDA	7.91 ± 2.66	10.39 ± 5.37	8.09 ± 3.71	F = 3.949, P = 0.023	BD > SCZ = HC
MOAS	0.18 ± 0.61	15 ± 8.25	11.87 ± 7.89	F = 120.290, P = 0.000	BD = SCZ > HC
MOAS-VA	0.11 ± 0.31	2.02 ± 0.85	2.02 ± 0.92	F = 175.977, P = 0.000	BD = SCZ > HC
MOAS-AP	0.04 ± 0.19	2.00 ± 1.51	1.66 ± 1.52	F = 61.785, P = 0.000	BD = SCZ > HC
MOAS-AA	0.00 ± 0.00	1.30 ± 1.75	0.53 ± 1.30	t = 2.353, P = 0.021	BD > SCZ
MOAS-PA	0.00 ± 0.00	1.27 ± 1.48	1.23 ± 1.39	t = 0.129, P = 0.898

The distribution of Reactive-Proactive Aggression Questionnaire-proactive aggression scores was skewed. Therefore: Data are presented as median (interquartile range). BD: Bipolar disorder group; HC: Healthy control group; SCZ: Schizophrenia group; Bonferroni: Bonferroni Correction; T2: Tamhane’s T2 test; F: Female; M: Male; BMI: Body mass index; PANSS: Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale; PANSS-P: Positive and Negative Syndrome-Positive Scale; PANSS-N: Positive and Negative Syndrome-Negative Scale; PANSS-G: Positive and Negative Syndrome-General Psychopathology Scale; YMRS: Young Manic Rating Scale; BIS-11: Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11; BIS-11-MI: Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11-motor impulsiveness; BIS-11-AI: Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11-attentional impulsiveness; BIS-11-NPI: Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11-no plan impulsiveness; RPAQ: Reactive-Proactive Aggression Questionnaire; RPAQ-PA: Reactive-Proactive Aggression Questionnaire-proactive aggression; RPAQ-RA: Reactive-Proactive Aggression Questionnaire-reactive aggression; BPAQ: The Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire; BPAQ-PA: The Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire-physical aggression; BPAQ-VA: The Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire-verbal aggression; BPAQ-A: The Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire-angry; BPAQ-H: The Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire-hostility; BPAQ-SDA: The Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire-self-directed aggression; MOAS: Modified Overt Aggression Scale; MOAS-VA: Modified Overt Aggression Scale-verbal aggression; MOAS-AP: Modified Overt Aggression Scale-aggression against property; MOAS-AA: Modified Overt Aggression Scale-auto-aggression; MOAS-PA: Modified Overt Aggression Scale-physical aggression.

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Citation: Li XP, Zhang J, Liu Q, Wu YQ, Yang WY, Li JX, Liu XH, Sun YF, Zhou HL, Zhou ZH, Dai ZZ, Wang XY. Neural correlates of aggressive impulsive behavior differ between schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: An event-related potential study with a go/no-go task. World J Psychiatry 2026; 16(11): 123531
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2220-3206/full/v16/i11/123531.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5498/wjp.123531

Li XP, Zhang J, Liu Q, Wu YQ, Yang WY, Li JX, Liu XH, Sun YF, Zhou HL, Zhou ZH, Dai ZZ, Wang XY. Neural correlates of aggressive impulsive behavior differ between schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: An event-related potential study with a go/no-go task. World J Psychiatry 2026; 16(11): 123531 [DOI: 10.5498/wjp.123531]

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