Development and validation of a nomogram model for identifying post-stroke anxiety symptoms

Table 5 Multivariate regression analysis of post-stroke anxiety symptoms

Variables	β	SE	Z	P value	OR (95%CI)
Age	-0.08	0.02	-5.24	< 0.001c	0.92 (0.89-0.95)
Type of stroke
Ischemic stroke	-	-	-	-	1.00 (reference)
Hemorrhagic stroke	-2.15	0.81	-2.66	0.008b	0.12 (0.02-0.57)
Time since stroke
> 6 months	-	-	-	-	1.00 (reference)
> 7 days ≤ 6 months	-1.46	0.94	-1.54	0.122	0.23 (0.04-1.48)
≤ 7 days	-0.85	0.95	-0.89	0.371	0.43 (0.07-2.74)
Employment status
Employed	-	-	-	-	1.00 (reference)
Retired	0.14	0.48	0.29	0.769	1.15 (0.45-2.96)
Unemployed	0.44	0.38	1.15	0.249	1.55 (0.74-3.26)
Central post-stroke pain
Yes	-	-	-	-	1.00 (reference)
No	-1.56	0.38	-4.12	< 0.001c	0.21 (0.10-0.44)
Pre-stroke sleep duration
< 5 hours	-	-	-	-	1.00 (reference)
5-6 hours	-0.32	0.42	-0.75	0.452	0.73 (0.32-1.67)
6-7 hours	-0.04	0.53	-0.07	0.947	0.97 (0.34-2.73)
> 7 hours	-0.49	0.33	-1.46	0.143	0.62 (0.32-1.18)
History of hyperlipidemia
No	-	-	-	-	1.00 (reference)
Yes	0.6	0.34	1.8	0.071	1.83 (0.95-3.53)
History of migraine
No	-	-	-	-	1.00 (reference)
Yes	0.21	0.74	0.28	0.777	1.23 (0.29-5.21)
Family history of stroke
No	-	-	-	-	1.00 (reference)
Yes	1.24	0.56	2.22	0.026a	3.47 (1.16-10.37)
Depression
No	-	-	-	-	1.00 (reference)
Yes	2.4	0.31	7.86	< 0.001c	11.03 (6.07-20.07)

^aP < 0.05.

^bP < 0.01.

^cP < 0.001.

All categorical variables were treated as dummy variables in logistic regression models. The reference group for each categorical predictor is marked as 1.00 (reference) within the table rows, and summarized as follows: (1) Type of stroke: Ischemic stroke; (2) Time since stroke: > 6 months; and (3) Employment status: Employed. Feeling pain after stroke: Yes. β: Regression coefficient; SE: Standard error; Z: Statistical quantity; OR: Odds ratio; CI: Confidence interval.