Impact of post-stroke depression on the prognosis of stroke-associated pneumonia and analysis of predictive factors: A retrospective study of 186 patients

Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of study participants, mean ± SD or n (%)

Characteristic	Depression group (n = 92)	Non-depression group (n = 94)	P value
Age (year)	66.5 ± 10.8	64.2 ± 11.5	0.162
Female	54 (58.7)	34 (36.2)	0.002
BMI (kg/m2)	23.8 ± 3.5	24.2 ± 3.1	0.428
Education level			0.285
Primary or below	38 (41.3)	32 (34.0)
Secondary	35 (38.0)	40 (42.6)
College or above	19 (20.7)	22 (23.4)
Smoking	25 (27.2)	28 (29.8)	0.688
Alcohol use	18 (19.6)	16 (17.0)	0.649
Comorbidities
Hypertension	58 (63.0)	55 (58.5)	0.525
Diabetes mellitus	28 (30.4)	24 (25.5)	0.453
COPD	15 (16.3)	12 (12.8)	0.489
Coronary heart disease	14 (15.2)	11 (11.7)	0.475
Chronic kidney disease	8 (8.7)	6 (6.4)	0.546
Previous stroke	18 (19.6)	14 (14.9)	0.393
NIHSS at admission	10.2 ± 3.5	7.1 ± 2.8	< 0.001
GCS score	11.5 ± 2.2	13.2 ± 1.8	< 0.001
Dysphagia	68 (73.9)	52 (55.3)	0.008
SSRS score	29.5 ± 8.2	38.8 ± 7.5	< 0.001
NRS-2002 ≥ 3	62 (67.4)	45 (47.9)	0.007

BMI: Body mass index; COPD: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; NIHSS: National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale; GCS: Glasgow Coma Scale; SSRS: Social Support Rating Scale; NRS-2002: Nutritional Risk Screening 2002.