Pakistani students’ physical activity and psychological well-being: A structural equation modeling approach

Table 2 Psychometric properties of measurement scales

Scale	Number of items	Cronbach’s alpha	CFI	RMSEA	Example item
IPAQ-SF	7	(Test-Retest r = 0.84)	-	-	“During the last 7 days, on how many days did you do vigorous physical activities?”
DASS-21 (total)	21	0.94	0.93	0.05	“I felt that I had nothing to look forward to.” (depression)
GSES	10	0.89	0.95	0.04	“I can always manage to solve difficult problems if I try hard enough.”
PSQI	19	0.82	0.91	0.06	“During the past month, how would you rate your sleep quality overall?”
MSPSS (total)	12	0.92	0.94	0.05	“I get the emotional help and support I need from my family.”

IPAQ: International Physical Activity Questionnaire; DASS: Depression Anxiety Stress Scale; GSES: General Self-Efficacy Scale; PSQI: Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; MSPSS: Multidimensional Perceived Social Support Scale; CFI: Comparative fit index; RMSEA: Root mean square error of approximation.