Depression and anxiety in Chinese expatriate employees in Misan oilfield in Iraq: A structural equation modeling approach

doi:10.5498/wjp.121129

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World Journal of Psychiatry

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2220-3206

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.

World J Psychiatry. Oct 19, 2026; 16(10): 121129
Published online Oct 19, 2026. doi: 10.5498/wjp.121129

Table 2 Descriptive statistics of the measured variables, mean ± SD

Latent variable	Range		Cronbach’s α	KMO	Bartlett’s test/χ² test	AVE	CR
PHQ-9	0-27	3.43 ± 3.85	0.89	0.92	3273.64^a	0.54	0.91
GAD-7	0-21	2.22 ± 3.23	0.92	0.93	3639.67^a	0.68	0.94
MBI-GS	0-55	18.22 ± 13.19	0.89	0.92	10333.69^a	0.71	0.97
COSS	17-66	39.07 ± 9.56	0.84	0.87	8311.17^a	0.70	0.97
ISP	0-25	4.98 ± 5.80	0.92	0.94	4781.64^a	0.6	0.94

^aP < 0.01.

PHQ: Patient Health Questionnaire-9; GAD-7: Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7; MBI-GS: Maslach Burnout Inventory General Survey; COSS: Core Occupational Stress Scale; ISP: Iraqi social pressure; KMO: Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin test; CR: Construct reliability; AVE: Average variance extracted.

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Citation: Liu HY, Du J, Xie XH, Zhang CE, Fu Y, Li MH, Han S, Li QW. Depression and anxiety in Chinese expatriate employees in Misan oilfield in Iraq: A structural equation modeling approach. World J Psychiatry 2026; 16(10): 121129
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2220-3206/full/v16/i10/121129.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5498/wjp.121129

Liu HY, Du J, Xie XH, Zhang CE, Fu Y, Li MH, Han S, Li QW. Depression and anxiety in Chinese expatriate employees in Misan oilfield in Iraq: A structural equation modeling approach. World J Psychiatry 2026; 16(10): 121129 [DOI: 10.5498/wjp.121129]

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