Relationships among depression, anxiety and suicidal ideation in parents of children with congenital heart defects: A dynamic triad

Table 3 Assessment of depressive symptoms via the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, mean ± SD

Variable	Child with heart defect (n = 50)	No defect (n = 50)	Mann-Whitney U	P value
I get very frightened	1.3 ± 1.2	0.6 ± 1.0	3.102	0.002
I feel anxious when I get out of the house	0.8 ± 0.9	0.5 ± 0.9	1.703	0.092
I get palpitations	1.4 ± 1.1	1.0 ± 1.1	1.912	0.059
I feel scared or frightened	1.2 ± 1.1	0.5 ± 1.0	3.481	< 0.001
I still enjoy the things I used to	1.0 ± 0.9	0.5 ± 1.0	2.526	0.013
I am more irritable than usual	1.2 ± 1.2	0.8 ± 1.1	1.750	0.083
Worrying thoughts constantly go through my mind	2.0 ± 1.0	1.2 ± 1.2	3.309	0.001
Depressive symptoms (total score)	8.9 ± 5.1	5.1 ± 4.9	3.763	< 0.001