Relationships among depression, anxiety and suicidal ideation in parents of children with congenital heart defects: A dynamic triad

Table 2 Assessment of anxiety symptoms via the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, mean ± SD

Variable	Child with heart defect (n = 50)	No defect (n = 50)	Mann-Whitney U	P value
I wake early and then sleep badly the rest of the night	1.8 ± 0.9	1.1 ± 1.1	3.611	< 0.001
I feel miserable and sad	1.2 ± 1.2	0.5 ± 0.9	3.374	0.001
I have lost interest in things	1.1 ± 1.0	0.3 ± 0.7	4.124	< 0.001
I have good appetite	1.0 ± 0.9	0.3 ± 0.7	3.927	< 0.001
I feel life is not worth living	0.8 ± 1.0	0.3 ± 0.8	2.672	0.009
I am restless and can’t keep still	0.7 ± 0.9	0.7 ± 1.0	0.411	0.682
I feel as if I have slowed down	1.6 ± 1.2	0.8 ± 1.0	3.582	0.001
Anxiety symptoms (total score)	8.2 ± 4.8	4.1 ± 4.0	4.555	< 0.001