Abnormal regional spontaneous brain activity in major depressive disorder with obesity comorbidity: A resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study

Table 1 The inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria of each group

Group	Inclusion criteria	Exclusion criteria
MDD-OB	(1) Outpatients meeting DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for MDD, with current MDE confirmed through the M.I.N.I 5.0 by trained psychiatrists; (2) HAMD-24 score ≥ 20; (3) First-episode, antidepressant-naive status at enrollment; and (4) BMI1 ≥ 28 kg/m2	(1) Presence of organic brain diseases; (2) Severe systemic diseases; (3) Intellectual disability (or: Mental retardation); (4) History of alcohol or substance abuse; (5) Visual or auditory impairments; (6) History of clinically diagnosed neurological disorders; and (7) Pregnant or lactating women
MDD	(1) Outpatients meeting DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for MDD, with current MDE confirmed through the M.I.N.I 5.0 by trained psychiatrists; (2) HAMD-24 score ≥ 20; (3) First-episode, antidepressant-naive status at enrollment; and (4) 18.5 ≤ BMI < 24 kg/m2
OB	(1) BMI ≥ 28 kg/m2; and (2) Exclusion of MDD and other conditions meeting exclusion criteria
HC	(1) 18.5 ≤ BMI < 24 kg/m2; and (2) Exclusion of MDD and other conditions meeting exclusion criteria
All participant groups	(1) Minimum education level: Completion of elementary school or higher; (2) Aged 18-60 years, irrespective of gender; and (3) Voluntary participation with written informed consent obtained after full explanation of study procedures

¹The body mass index classification in this article references[47].

MDD: Major depressive disorder; OB: Obesity; HC: Healthy control; DSM-5: The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5th version; MDE: Major depressive episode; M.I.N.I: Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview; HAMD-24: Hamilton Depression Rating Scale-24; BMI: Body mass index.