©The Author(s) 2026.
World J Psychiatry. Jan 19, 2026; 16(1): 112787
Published online Jan 19, 2026. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v16.i1.112787
Published online Jan 19, 2026. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v16.i1.112787
Table 3 Univariate analysis of anxiety and depression levels in elderly patients after lumbar interbody fusion, mean ± SD/n (%)
| Characteristic | A1 (n = 26) | A2 (n = 27) | A3 (n = 186) | χ2/F value | P value | D1 (n = 30) | D2 (n = 26) | D3 (n = 183) | χ2/F value | P value |
| Sex | 8.320 | 0.016 | 6.101 | 0.047 | ||||||
| Male | 6 (23.08) | 11 (40.74) | 97 (52.15) | 18 (60.00) | 8 (30.77) | 101 (55.19) | ||||
| Female | 20 (76.92) | 16 (59.26) | 89 (47.85) | 12 (40.00) | 18 (69.23) | 82 (44.81) | ||||
| Age (year) | 72.45 ± 5.36 | 71.85 ± 5.50 | 73.37 ± 4.04 | 0.582 | 0.560 | 71.47 ± 4.52 | 72.62 ± 5.78 | 72.49 ± 5.23 | 0.653 | 0.521 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 21.58 ± 1.17 | 21.59 ± 1.16 | 21.23 ± 0.88 | 1.143 | 0.321 | 21.22 ± 1.20 | 21.75 ± 1.11 | 21.57 ± 1.13 | 1.633 | 0.197 |
| Symptom duration | 5.479 | 0.065 | 4.887 | 0.087 | ||||||
| < 1 year | 9 (34.62) | 18 (66.67) | 92 (49.46) | 18 (60.00) | 17 (65.38) | 84 (45.90) | ||||
| ≥ 1 year | 17 (65.38) | 9 (33.33) | 94 (50.54) | 12 (40.00) | 9 (34.62) | 99 (54.10) | ||||
| Education level | 11.532 | 0.073 | 6.003 | 0.423 | ||||||
| Secondary school | 14 (53.85) | 6 (22.22) | 50 (26.88) | 9 (30.00) | 8 (30.77) | 53 (28.96) | ||||
| Junior high school | 6 (23.08) | 7 (25.93) | 41 (22.04) | 7 (23.33) | 4 (15.38) | 43 (23.50) | ||||
| High school | 3 (11.54) | 10 (37.04) | 53 (28.49) | 10 (33.33) | 11 (42.31) | 45 (24.59) | ||||
| College and above | 3 (11.54) | 4 (14.81) | 42 (22.58) | 4 (13.33) | 3 (11.54) | 42 (22.95) | ||||
| Residence | 2.315 | 0.314 | 2.702 | 0.259 | ||||||
| City | 13 (50.00) | 17 (62.96) | 88 (47.31) | 18 (60.00) | 15 (57.69) | 85 (46.45) | ||||
| Countryside | 13 (50.00) | 10 (37.04) | 98 (52.69) | 12 (40.00) | 11 (42.31) | 98 (53.55) | ||||
| Have a partner | 6.250 | 0.044 | 7.429 | 0.024 | ||||||
| Yes | 9 (34.62) | 18 (66.67) | 107 (57.53) | 19 (63.33) | 8 (30.77) | 105 (57.38) | ||||
| No | 17 (73.08) | 9 (33.33) | 79 (42.47) | 11 (36.67) | 18 (69.23) | 78 (42.62) | ||||
| Smoking | 0.250 | 0.882 | 5.927 | 0.052 | ||||||
| Yes | 13 (50.00) | 15 (55.56) | 94 (50.54) | 11 (36.67) | 18 (69.23) | 93 (50.82) | ||||
| No | 13 (50.00) | 12 (44.44) | 92 (49.46) | 19 (63.33) | 8 (30.77) | 90 (49.18) | ||||
| Alcohol abuse | 0.570 | 0.752 | 3.252 | 0.198 | ||||||
| Yes | 15 (57.69) | 13 (48.15) | 94 (50.54) | 14 (46.67) | 9 (34.62) | 97 (53.01) | ||||
| No | 11 (42.31) | 14 (51.85) | 92 (49.46) | 16 (53.33) | 17 (65.38) | 86 (46.99) | ||||
| History of diabetes | 3.348 | 0.187 | 1.465 | 0.481 | ||||||
| Yes | 17 (65.38) | 17 (62.96) | 93 (50.00) | 19 (63.33) | 13 (50.00) | 95 (51.91) | ||||
| No | 9 (34.62) | 10 (37.04) | 93 (50.00) | 11 (36.67) | 13 (50.00) | 88 (48.09) | ||||
| History of hypertension | 1.301 | 0.522 | 1.704 | 0.427 | ||||||
| Yes | 16 (61.54) | 16 (59.26) | 96 (51.61) | 15 (50.00) | 17 (65.38) | 96 (52.46) | ||||
| No | 10 (38.46) | 11 (40.74) | 90 (48.39) | 15 (50.00) | 9 (34.62) | 87 (47.54) | ||||
| History of coronary heart disease | 0.235 | 0.889 | 5.089 | 0.079 | ||||||
| Yes | 14 (53.85) | 15 (55.56) | 95 (51.08) | 21 (70.00) | 11 (42.31) | 92 (50.27) | ||||
| No | 12 (46.15) | 12 (44.44) | 91 (48.92) | 9 (30.00) | 15 (57.69) | 91 (49.73) | ||||
| Preoperative diagnosis | 9.069 | 0.134 | 2.877 | 0.825 | ||||||
| Spondylolisthesis | 17 (65.38) | 10 (37.04) | 121 (65.05) | 16 (53.33) | 15 (57.69) | 117 (63.93) | ||||
| Scoliosis | 4 (15.38) | 7 (25.93) | 24 (12.90) | 6 (20.00) | 4 (15.38) | 25 (13.66) | ||||
| Recurrent disc herniation | 1 (3.85) | 2 (7.41) | 7 (3.76) | 2 (6.67) | 1 (3.85) | 7 (3.83) | ||||
| Stenosis | 4 (15.38) | 8 (29.63) | 34 (18.28) | 6 (20.00) | 6 (23.08) | 34 (18.58) | ||||
| Number of levels decompressed | 8.169 | 0.354 | 10.085 | 0.225 | ||||||
| 1 | 8 (30.77) | 12 (44.44) | 63 (33.87) | 14 (46.67) | 13 (50.00) | 56 (30.60) | ||||
| 2 | 8 (30.77) | 6 (22.22) | 72 (38.71) | 10 (33.33) | 4 (15.38) | 72 (39.34) | ||||
| 3 | 3 (11.54) | 6 (22.22) | 22 (11.83) | 3 (10.00) | 4 (15.38) | 24 (13.11) | ||||
| 4 | 4 (15.38) | 1 (3.71) | 19 (10.22) | 2 (6.67) | 2 (7.69) | 20 (10.93) | ||||
| 5 | 3 (11.54) | 2 (7.41) | 10 (5.39) | 1 (3.33) | 3 (11.54) | 11 (6.01) | ||||
| Number of levels fused | 11.654 | 0.020 | 7.542 | 0.103 | ||||||
| 1 | 8 (30.77) | 12 (44.44) | 87 (46.77) | 10 (33.33) | 10 (38.46) | 87 (47.54) | ||||
| 2 | 8 (30.77) | 8 (29.63) | 74 (39.78) | 14 (46.67) | 7 (26.92) | 69 (37.71) | ||||
| ≥ 3 | 10 (38.46) | 7 (25.93) | 25 (13.44) | 6 (20.00) | 9 (34.62) | 27 (14.75) | ||||
| Chronic opioid use postop | 1.002 | 0.606 | 6.777 | 0.034 | ||||||
| Yes | 14 (53.85) | 17 (62.96) | 98 (52.69) | 11 (36.67) | 18 (69.23) | 82 (44.81) | ||||
| No | 12 (46.15) | 10 (37.04) | 88 (47.31) | 19 (63.33) | 8 (30.77) | 101 (55.19) | ||||
| Post- vs pre-surgery ODI scores | 10.926 | 0.027 | 10.466 | 0.032 | ||||||
| Elevated | 11 (42.31) | 7 (25.93) | 30 (16.13) | 8 (26.67) | 11 (42.31) | 33 (18.03) | ||||
| Reduced | 6 (23.08) | 9 (33.33) | 57 (30.65) | 11 (36.67) | 6 (23.08) | 51 (27.87) | ||||
| No significant change | 9 (34.62) | 11 (40.74) | 99 (53.23) | 11 (36.67) | 9 (34.62) | 99 (54.10) | ||||
| Post- vs pre-surgery SF-36 scores | 10.232 | 0.033 | 10.207 | 0.034 | ||||||
| Elevated | 7 (26.92) | 14 (51.85) | 87 (46.77) | 12 (40.00) | 9 (34.62) | 86 (46.99) | ||||
| Reduced | 9 (34.62) | 6 (22.22) | 24 (12.90) | 6 (20.00) | 11 (42.31) | 27 (14.75) | ||||
| No significant change | 10 (38.46) | 7 (25.93) | 75 (40.32) | 12 (40.00) | 6 (23.08) | 70 (38.25) |
- Citation: Liu XF, Wu YH, Huang GX, Yu B, Xu HJ, Qiu MH, Kang L. Trajectory and influencing factors of changes in anxiety and depression in elderly patients after lumbar interbody fusion. World J Psychiatry 2026; 16(1): 112787
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2220-3206/full/v16/i1/112787.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5498/wjp.v16.i1.112787