Preoperative anxiety among patients and its correlation with their personality type and pain: A cross-sectional study

Table 7 Association between sociodemographic and patient clinical and surgical variables with scales

Characteristic		VAS		APAIS (P value)		TIPI (P value)
		Mean rank	P value	Need of information	Anxiety	Conscientiousness	Agreeableness	Emotional stability	Openness	Extraversion
Gender	Male	202.31	0.423	0.037a	0.003a	0.73	0.009a	0.261	0.608	0.172
	Female	193.09
Age	Numerical value	-	0.147	0.269	0.474	0.885	0.145	0.058	0.029a	0.230
Place of residence	Akkar	252.75	0.004a	0.270	0.698	0.214	0.133	0.900	0.048a	0.015a
	Baalbek-Hermel	305.38
	Beirut	196.45
	Beqaa	235.86
	Keserwan-Jbeil	205.00
	Mount Lebanon	202.47
	Nabatiyeh	179.71
	North	280.17
	South	171.77
Marital status	Single	197.20	0.028a	0.417	0.130	0.620	0.102	0.206	0.556	0.811
	Married	201.49
	Widowed	138.39
	Divorced	252.75
	Separated	225.50
Smoking	Yes	206.00	0.102	0.134	0.861	0.116	0.179	0.236	0.918	0.374
	No	187.84
Employment status	Yes	210.39	0.058	0.298	0.102	0.047a	0.298	0.014a	0.005a	0.717
	No	188.52
Chronic illness	Yes	193.77	0.659	0.172	0.319	0.594	0.029a	0.461	0.117	0.734
	No	198.70
Diagnosed with depression	Yes	210.54	0.518	0.246	0.001a	0.849	0.752	0.026a	0.283	0.800
	No	195.58
Previous surgeries	Yes	191.93	0.170	0.830	0.187	0.049a	0.253	0.992	0.178	0.421
	No	209.16
Type of surgery	Minor	183.52	0.013a	0.704	0.161	0.299	0.466	0.462	0.417	0.258
	Major	211.17
Knowledge about anesthesia for this surgery	Yes	215.66	0.001a	0.680	0.816	0.403	0.010a	0.319	0.001a	0.194
	No	178.11
Type of anesthesia	General	217.50	0.001a	0.415	0.045a	0.271	0.525	0.732	0.144	0.168
	Regional	168.52
	Local	182.35

^aP < 0.05, association is significant.

Mean rank values in non-parametric tests represent the relative ranking of groups when all observations are pooled; they are not equivalent to raw scale scores. Higher mean ranks indicate relatively greater values of the measured variable compared. Bonferroni correction applied within sets of related comparisons. For associations between the five personality traits and pain or anxiety, the adjusted significance threshold was α = 0.01. For categorical variables with multiple levels (e.g., type of anesthesia), adjusted thresholds were based on the number of groups. After correction, only the associations between emotional stability and anxiety (P = 0.010), need for information and anxiety (P < 0.001), knowledge about anesthesia and pain (P = 0.001), and type of anesthesia and pain (P = 0.001) remained statistically significant. VAS: Visual Analog Scale; APAIS: Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety and Information Scale; TIPI: Ten-Item Personality Inventory.