Effects of celecoxib combined with duloxetine on chronic pain, depression, and anxiety in patients with knee osteoarthritis

Table 6 Comparison of baseline data of patients with negative emotion, n (%)

Factor		Alleviation group (n = 83)	Non-alleviation group (n = 40)	χ2	P value
Sex
	Male	25 (30.12)	9 (22.5)	0.784	0.376
	Female	58 (69.88)	31 (77.5)
Age (year)
	≥ 65	30 (36.14)	31 (77.5)	18.467	< 0.001
	< 65	53 (63.86)	9 (22.5)
BMI (kg/m2)
	≥ 23	21 (25.3)	10 (25)	0.001	0.971
	< 23	62 (74.7)	30 (75)
History of hypertension
	Yes	35 (42.17)	14 (35)	0.579	0.447
	No	48 (57.83)	26 (65)
History of diabetes
	Yes	17 (20.48)	5 (12.5)	1.171	0.279
	No	66 (79.52)	35 (87.5)
Smoking history
	Yes	25 (30.12)	11 (27.5)	0.090	0.765
	No	58 (69.88)	29 (72.5)
Alcohol consumption history
	Yes	12 (14.46)	4 (10)	0.474	0.491
	No	71 (85.54)	36 (90)
Education level
	≥ junior high school	2 (2.41)	9 (22.5)	13.379	< 0.001
	< junior high school	81 (97.59)	31 (77.5)
Employment status
	On-the-job	16 (19.28)	6 (15)	0.336	0.562
	Retired	67 (80.72)	34 (85)
Therapeutic regimen
	Control group	25 (30.12)	32 (80)	27.007	< 0.001
	Study group	58 (69.88)	8 (20)
VAS before treatment, P50 (P25, P75)		6.00 (5.00, 8.00)	6.00 (5.00, 7.00)	0.729	0.461
WOMAC before treatment, P50 (P25, P75)		49.50 (44.75, 53.00)	48.00 (43.00, 52.00)	0.848	0.397
ALT (U/L) before treatment, mean ± SD		24.57 ± 10.18	22.64 ± 8.60	1.033	0.305
AST (U/L) before treatment, mean ± SD		22.98 ± 5.19	24.00 ± 6.43	-0.941	0.349
Cr before treatment (μmol/L), mean ± SD		58.46 ± 15.78	60.82 ± 17.87	-0.745	0.458
BUN (mmol/L) before treatment, mean ± SD		4.09 ± 1.79	3.92 ± 1.34	0.510	0.612

BMI: Body mass index; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; Cr: Creatinine; BUN: Blood urea nitrogen.