Impact of childhood trauma and parental socialization on at-risk mental state in non-clinical adolescents

Table 3 Parental socialisation, mean ± SD

Characteristics	Overall sample	Controls	Low-risk	Intermediate-risk	High-risk (ARMS)	F, P value	ES, significant differences
Affection and communication	75.18 ± 9.78	77.65 ± 7.82	72.02 ± 10.76	70.70 ± 13.99	66.05 ± 11.53	26.69, < 0.001b	0.106, C > B/C > I/C > A/L > A
Control and structure	36 ± 5.08	36.49 ± 5.01	35.18 ± 5.27	36.87 ± 3.87	34.42 ± 4.24	3.58, 0.014a	0.016, C > B

^aP < 0.05.

^bP < 0.01.

ARMS: At-risk mental state; ES: Effect size evaluated by Partial Eta Squared; CTR: Corrected typified residuals.