Modulating nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 and heme oxygenase-1 in liver-brain axis disorders

Figure 4 Natural herbal monomers targeting the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/heme oxygenase-1 signaling pathway to modulate liver diseases. Monomers extracted from natural herbal ameliorate liver disease through multiple mechanisms, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, alcoholic liver disease, drug-induced liver injury, hepatitis C virus, liver fibrosis and cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. NAFLD: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; NASH: Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis; ALD: Alcoholic liver disease; DILI: Drug-induced liver injury; HCV: Hepatitis C virus; HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; Nrf2: Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2; HO-1: Heme oxygenase-1.