Modulating nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 and heme oxygenase-1 in liver-brain axis disorders

Table 3 Natural monomers modulating the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/heme oxygenase-1 pathway to mitigate drug-induced liver injury

Monomers	Disease models	Mechanisms	Role	Ref.
Isorhamnetin	DILI	Reduces oxidative stress, inflammation, and pyroptosis	Improve	Forner et al[134]
Dihydromyricetin	DILI	Reduces apoptosis and oxidative stress	Improve	Ganesan and Kulik[135]
Curcumin	DILI	Alleviate hepatic inflammation	Improve	Yang et al[136]
Berberine	DILI	Alleviate hepatic inflammation	Improve
Resveratrol	DILI	Mitigate oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction	Improve	Xu et al[137]
Ginsenosides	DILI	Reduces apoptosis and ROS	Improve	Hayes and McMahon[138]
Andrographolide	DILI	Decreases MDA and ROS	Improve	Hallis et al[139]
Astragaloside IV	DILI	Reduces inflammation	Improve	Loboda et al[140]
Salvianolic acid C	DILI	Attenuates oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis	Improve	Lohitesh et al[141]

DILI: Drug-induced liver injury; ROS: Reactive oxygen species; MDA: Malondialdehyde.