Modulating nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 and heme oxygenase-1 in liver-brain axis disorders

Table 2 Natural monomers modulating the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/heme oxygenase-1 pathway to mitigate alcoholic liver disease

Monomers	Disease models	Mechanisms	Role	Ref.
Quercetin	ALD	Induces p62 expression, inhibits the binding of Keap1 to Nrf2	Improve	Tseng et al[116]
Silymarin	ALD	Reduces TGF-β1 and 4-HYP levels, suppressing oxidative injury	Improve	Chen et al[117]
Curcumin	ALD	Suppress p53 expression, enhances Nrf2 nuclear translocation	Improve	Yu et al[118]
Ginsenosides	ALD	Reduces oxidative stress and liver inflammation	Improve	Chen et al[119]
Baicalin	ALD	Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory	Improve	Yang et al[120]
Polysaccharides	ALD	Regulating oxidative stress and improve alcoholic liver injury by inhibiting the production of inflammatory factors	Improve	Roehlen et al[121]
Oleanolic acid	ALD	Suppress the alcohol-induced increases	Improve	Zhang et al[122]
CAE	ALD	Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic	Improve	Parola and Pinzani[123]

CAE: Citrus aurantium extract; ALD: Alcoholic liver disease; Nrf2: Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2; Keap1: Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1; TGF-β1: Transforming growth factor-β1; 4-HYP: Hydroxyproline.