Diagnosis and etiology of poststroke depression: A review

Table 3 Comparison of etiology for poststroke depression

	Inflammation	Abnormal neurotrophic response, glutamate excitotoxicity	Brain network dysfunction, lesion location	Cerebral small vessel disease	Decreased levels of monoamines	Psychosocial factors
Mechanism	Extracellular, intracellular	Extracellular, intracellular	Extracellular	Extracellular	Extracellular	Environmental, interpersonal
Main study subjects	Animals	Animals	Human	Human	Human	Human
Study samples	Smaller	Smaller	Larger	Larger	Larger	Larger
Study design	Experimental, comparative	Experimental, comparative	Comparative, systematic review	Comparative, cohort study	Comparative, cross sectional	Cohort study, systematic review
Linked to depressive symptoms in study	Not yet	Not yet	Yes	Not yet	Yes	Yes
Role in major depression	Significant	Significant	Less significant	Significant	Significant	Significant
Role in poststroke depression	Significant, within 6 months after stroke	Significant, within 6 months after stroke	Significant, within 6 months after stroke	Significant, within 6 months after stroke	Significant, within 6 months after stroke	Significant, impact is greater after 6 months