Diagnosis and etiology of poststroke depression: A review

Table 2 Rating scales for depression associated stroke

Tools	Type of tool	Cut off points	Total score
CESD[25]	Self-report	≥ 16: Depression	60
PHQ-9[26]	Self-report	0-4: No depression	27
		5-9: Mild depression
		10-14: Moderate depression
		15-19: Moderately-severe depression
		20-27: Severe depression
PHQ-2[27]	Self-report	≥ 3: Depression	6
GDS-30[28]	Self-report	≥ 11: Depression	30
GDS-15[17]	Self-report	0-4: Normal	15
		5-8: Mild depression
		9-11: Moderate depression
		12-15: Severe depression
HADS[31]	Self-report	0-7: Normal	21
		8-10: Mild
		11-14: Moderate
		15-21: Severe
BDI[29]	Self-report	0-13: Normal	63
		14-19: Mild depression
		20-28: Moderate depression
		29-63: Severe depression
PSDS[34]	Self-report	0-4: Normal	24
		5-9: Moderate depression
		≥ 10: Severe depression
HAMD[23]	Observational	0-9: Normal	52
		10-13: Mild depression
		14-17: Mild to moderate depression
		> 17: Moderate to severe depression
MADRS[30]	Observational	0-6: Normal	60
		7-19: Mild depression
		20-34: Moderate depression
		> 35: Severe depression
SADQ[32]	Observational	≥ 14: Depression	63
SADQ-H[33]	Observational	Not mentioned	63

CES-D: Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale; PHQ-9: Patient Health Questionnaire-9; PHQ-2: Patient Health Questionnaire-2; GDS-30: Geriatric Depression Scale-30 items; GDS-15: Geriatric Depression Scale-15 items; HAMD: Hamilton Depression Rating Scale; MADRS: Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale; HADS: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; SADQ: Stroke Aphasic Depression Questionnaire; SADQ-H: Stroke Aphasic Depression Questionnaire - Hospital version; PSDS: Post Stroke Depression Scale.