Modulating oral microbiota ameliorates hypobaric hypoxia-induced anxiety- and depression-like behaviors in mice

Figure 3 c-Fos expression in nuclei, indicating activation in certain brain regions after 1-day hypobaric hypoxia exposure. A: One day of hypobaric hypoxia exposure paradigm; B: Expression of c-Fos in the anterior cingulate cortex, paraventricular thalamic nucleus, lateral habenula nucleus, paraventricular nuclei of the hypothalamus, lateral hypothalamus, and anterior periaqueductal gray. Con: Control group; HH1: One day of hypobaric hypoxia exposure; HH: Hypobaric hypoxia; IF: Immunofluorescence staining; ACC: Anterior cingulate cortex; PVT: Paraventricular thalamic nucleus; LHbM: Lateral habenular nucleus, medial part; LHbI: Lateral habenular nucleus, lateral part; D3V: Dorsal part of the third ventricle; PVH: Paraventricular nuclei of the hypothalamus; 3V: Third ventricle; LH: Lateral hypothalamus; PAG: Periaqueductal gray; Aq: Aqueduct of Sylvius.