Risk factors for anxiety and depression in patients with atopic dermatitis and their impact on prognosis

Table 1 Comparison of hospital anxiety and depression scale assesses anxiety and depression scores among patients with different baseline data

Characteristic	n	HADS-A	t/F value	P value	HADS-D	t/F value	P value
Gender			-2.420	0.187		-2.384	0.287
Male	127	6.66 ± 3.44			6.26 ± 3.19
Female	146	7.73 ± 3.82			7.23 ± 3.46
Age (years)			-0.101	0.222		1.067	0.699
< 35	158	7.22 ± 3.87			6.96 ± 3.38
≥ 35	115	7.26 ± 3.42			6.52 ± 3.35
Marital status			0.856	0.426		3.292	0.039
Unmarried	102	7.59 ± 3.97			7.28 ± 3.41
Married	154	6.98 ± 3.46			6.33 ± 3.19
Divorced or widowed	17	7.41 ± 3.84			7.76 ± 4.15
Educational level			1.092	0.004		-0.282	0.105
High school and below	113	7.53 ± 3.98			6.71 ± 3.54
College degree or above	160	7.03 ± 3.45			6.83 ± 3.25
Place of residence			0.060	0.393		1.331	0.135
Rural area	95	7.25 ± 3.87			6.29 ± 3.43
City	168	7.22 ± 3.59			6.58 ± 3.32
Disease duration (year)			-1.558	0.004		-1.921	0.001
< 5	87	6.77 ± 3.07			6.21 ± 2.74
≥ 5	186	7.45 ± 3.92			7.04 ± 3.60
Degree of skin lesion			7.751	0.001		19.471	0.000
No or slight	92	6.37 ± 3.00			5.40 ± 2.01
Moderate	149	7.34 ± 3.70			7.09 ± 3.50
Severe	32	9.25 ± 4.55			9.28 ± 4.10
Degree of pruritus			8.543	0.000		30.358	0.000
Slight	75	6.15 ± 2.70			5.12 ± 1.97
Moderate	88	6.86 ± 3.28			6.07 ± 2.18
Severe	110	8.27 ± 4.28			8.47 ± 4.08
Number of visits per month			-2.812	0.000		-2.480	0.000
< 3	154	6.68 ± 3.25			6.32 ± 3.01
≥ 3	119	7.96 ± 4.07			7.36 ± 3.71
Self-care ability			1.003	0.368		1.056	0.349
Low level	48	7.92 ± 4.21			7.33 ± 3.93
Intermediate level	134	7.10 ± 3.54			6.79 ± 3.35
High level	91	7.07 ± 3.59			6.46 ± 3.06
Sleep disorders			-2.477	0.000		-2.802	0.000
No	106	6.58 ± 3.23			6.10 ± 2.84
Yes	167	7.65 ± 3.89			7.20 ± 3.61
Family history			-0.542	0.398		-1.330	0.632
No	209	7.17 ± 3.64			6.63 ± 3.35
Yes	64	7.45 ± 3.82			7.27 ± 3.41
Smoking history			0.541	0.438		1.145	0.918
No	240	7.28 ± 3.75			6.88 ± 3.34
Yes	33	6.91 ± 3.16			6.00 ± 3.54
Drinking alcohol history			0.585	0.670		1.127	0.348
No	231	7.29 ± 3.73			6.87 ± 3.42
Yes	42	6.93 ± 3.44			6.24 ± 3.06
Food allergy			-0.033	0.065		-2.601	0.000
No	85	7.22 ± 3.18			6.11 ± 2.40
Yes	188	7.24 ± 3.89			7.08 ± 3.69
Allergic rhinitis			-1.448	0.041		-1.040	0.556
No	126	6.89 ± 3.51			6.55 ± 3.35
Yes	147	7.65 ± 3.81			6.97 ± 3.38
Asthma			-1.738	0.022		-1.638	0.000
No	162	7.06 ± 3.56			6.67 ± 3.09
Yes	111	7.87 ± 3.99			7.41 ± 4.01

Data are presented as mean ± SD. Statistical methods: Two-tailed independent t-test (equal variances); One-way analysis of variance. HADS-A: Hospital anxiety and depression scale assesses anxiety score; HADS-D: Hospital anxiety and depression scale assesses depression score.