Diagnostic dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging blood-brain barrier assessment combined with plasma biomarkers for mild cognitive impairment

doi:10.5498/wjp.v15.i6.103661

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World Journal of Psychiatry

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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World J Psychiatry. Jun 19, 2025; 15(6): 103661
Published online Jun 19, 2025. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v15.i6.103661

Table 5 Comparison of the levels of biochemical indexes of the subjects, mean ± SD

Biochemical indexes	Control group (n = 55)	na-MCI group (n = 50)	a-MCI group (n = 52)	χ²/t value	P value
Hcy (μmol/L)	10.47 ± 2.91	12.62 ± 2.15^a^,¹	13.40 ± 2.21^a^,¹^,²	20.42	< 0.0001
Aβ42 (pg/mL)	129.38 ± 15.49	107.20 ± 7.66^a^,¹	89.87 ± 12.17^a^,¹^,²	138.4	< 0.0001
Aβ40 (pg/mL)	151.65 ± 40.52	147.34 ± 21.94	147.63 ± 34.30	0.278	0.758
p-tau181 (pg/mL)	14.22 ± 1.99	31.77 ± 4.69^a^,¹	40.66 ± 4.11^a^,¹^,²	695.1	< 0.0001
ICAM-1 (g/mL)	117.29 ± 16.43	215.99 ± 25.44^a^,¹	286.60 ± 33.44^a^,¹^,²	577.9	< 0.0001
VCAM-1 (mg/L)	1.79 ± 0.26	2.23 ± 0.31^a^,¹	2.50 ± 0.51^a^,¹^,²	49.07	< 0.0001
PAI-1 (ng/L)	314.59 ± 32.81	366.83 ± 36.77^a^,¹	397.75 ± 45.68^a^,¹^,²	63.26	< 0.0001
NFL (pg/mL)	18.55 ± 4.90	39.22 ± 6.77^a^,¹	46.70 ± 6.44^a^,¹^,²	311.1	< 0.0001
GFAP (ng/mL)	4.00 ± 0.23	8.68 ± 1.09^a^,¹	9.48 ± 3.19^a^,¹	125.0	< 0.0001

^aP < 0.05.

¹P vs control group.

²P vs non-amnestic mild cognitive impairment group.

a-MCI: Amnestic mild cognitive impairment; na-MCI: Non-amnestic mild cognitive impairment; Hcy: Homocysteine; Aβ: β-amyloid protein; p-tau181: Phosphorylated tau-181 protein; ICAM-1: Intercellular adhesion molecule-1; VCAM-1: Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1; PAI-1: Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1; NFL: Neurofilament light chain; GFAP: Glial fibrillary acidic protein.

Citation: Sun L, Xu MR, Zhou CY, Cao SD, Zhang XL, Guan SQ, Sang WX, Li XL. Diagnostic dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging blood-brain barrier assessment combined with plasma biomarkers for mild cognitive impairment. World J Psychiatry 2025; 15(6): 103661
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2220-3206/full/v15/i6/103661.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5498/wjp.v15.i6.103661