Psychological adjustment differences in ovarian cancer patients receiving different treatment modalities and their clinical significance

Table 1 Comprehensive comparison of clinical characteristics, psychological status, and treatment outcomes among four groups of ovarian cancer patients, mean ± SD/ n (%)

Parameters	Surgery group (n = 78)	Chemotherapy group (n = 65)	Targeted therapy group (n = 61)	Combined therapy group (n = 82)	F/χ2	P value
Baseline characteristics
Age (years)	52.1 ± 8.3	53.4 ± 8.7	51.9 ± 8.4	53.2 ± 8.9	NA	0.632
FIGO stage III-IV	33 (42.3)	37 (56.9)	27 (44.3)	63 (76.8)	NA	< 0.001b
ECOG score 2	10 (12.8)	12 (18.5)	10 (13.5)	22 (26.8)	NA	0.021a
CA125 (U/mL, median)	425.3	631.7	458.2	876.5	NA	< 0.001b
Psychological status
SAS score	48.5 ± 6.7	52.1 ± 6.9	46.9 ± 6.4	56.3 ± 7.2	25.64	< 0.001b
Anxiety incidence	28 (35.9)	31 (47.7)	18 (29.5)	48 (58.5)	14.87	0.002b
SDS score	50.2 ± 6.5	53.6 ± 7.1	49.1 ± 6.6	58.4 ± 6.9	27.32	< 0.001b
Depression incidence	30 (38.5)	32 (49.2)	19 (31.1)	51 (62.2)	16.53	0.001b
Psychological adjustment (PACS scale)
Positive coping	25.3 ± 3.2	24.1 ± 3.3	28.5 ± 3.6	22.8 ± 3.4	18.97	< 0.001b
Negative avoidance	22.7 ± 3.5	24.8 ± 3.6	20.5 ± 3.2	26.9 ± 3.8	19.85	< 0.001b
Social support utilization	25.2 ± 3.4	24.9 ± 3.5	22.7 ± 3.1	21.3 ± 3.0	17.26	< 0.001b
Quality of life (EORTC QLQ-C30)
Global quality of life	67.3 ± 7.9	63.5 ± 8.1	72.6 ± 8.5	58.9 ± 8.3	26.38	< 0.001b
Physical functioning	70.2 ± 8.3	65.4 ± 8.0	74.8 ± 8.6	62.1 ± 8.2	22.76	< 0.001b
Emotional functioning	65.7 ± 7.6	61.3 ± 7.5	69.8 ± 8.0	56.2 ± 7.3	24.93	< 0.001b
Symptom severity (EORTC QLQ-C30)
Fatigue	36.5 ± 6.2	48.9 ± 7.1	32.4 ± 5.9	45.2 ± 7.0	30.68	< 0.001b
Nausea and vomiting	28.7 ± 5.6	42.3 ± 6.7	25.1 ± 5.3	36.8 ± 6.3	31.25	< 0.001b
Pain	32.6 ± 5.8	30.7 ± 5.7	27.3 ± 5.5	38.5 ± 6.5	24.69	< 0.001b
Insomnia	37.8 ± 6.3	40.2 ± 6.6	33.1 ± 6.0	45.6 ± 7.2	25.82	< 0.001b
Treatment outcomes
Complete adherence	62 (79.5)	46 (70.8)	52 (85.2)	53 (64.6)	16.94	0.010a
Partial adherence	12 (15.4)	14 (21.5)	7 (11.5)	19 (23.2)	NA	NA
Non-adherence	4 (5.1)	5 (7.7)	2 (3.3)	10 (12.2)	NA	NA
Two-year survival rate	62 (79.5)	49 (75.4)	51 (83.6)	57 (69.5)	4.83	0.185

^aP < 0.05.

^bP < 0.01.

Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (≥ 50 points defined as anxiety), Self-Rating Depression Scale (≥ 53 points defined as depression); for symptom scales, higher scores represent more severe symptoms. FIGO: Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics; ECOG: Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group; CA125: Carbohydrate antigen 125; SAS: Self-Rating Anxiety Scale; SDS: Self-Rating Depression Scale; PACS: Psychological Adjustment to Cancer Scale; EORTC QLQ-C30: European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30; NA: Not available.