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©The Author(s) 2025.
World J Psychiatry. Dec 19, 2025; 15(12): 110653
Published online Dec 19, 2025. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v15.i12.110653
Table 2 Results of quality assessment: Newcastle-Ottawa Scale
Ref.
Selection (0-4 points)
Comparability (0-2 points)
Outcome (0-3 points)
Total score (0–9 points)
Quality rating
Limone et al[1], 20233227Good
Tse et al[2], 20253227Good
Gentile et al[3], 20114239Good
Mentzoni et al[4], 20113126Fair
Wei et al[5], 20123126Fair
Kök Eren and Örsal[6], 20183126Fair
Adams et al[7], 20193126Fair
Tham et al[8], 20203227Good
Jeong and Kim[9], 20203227Good


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