Sleep quality in bipolar disorder: A comparative study of treatment with lithium and valproic acid

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World Journal of Psychiatry

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2220-3206

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World J Psychiatry. Nov 19, 2025; 15(11): 111807
Published online Nov 19, 2025. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v15.i11.111807

Table 4 Correlations between sleep quality and clinical variables in bipolar disorder patients

	Correlations	Duration of illness	Total number of episodes	Number of depressive episodes	Body Mass Index	Education levels	Age
Pittsburgh sleep quality index total	Pearson correlation	0.137	0.024	0.100	0.291¹	-0.112	0.275¹
Pittsburgh sleep quality index total	Sig. (2-tailed)	0.119	0.784	0.259	0.001	0.205	0.002

¹Correlation is significant at the 001 Level (2-tailed).

Citation: Gokcay H, Takım U, Sağlam T. Sleep quality in bipolar disorder: A comparative study of treatment with lithium and valproic acid. World J Psychiatry 2025; 15(11): 111807
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2220-3206/full/v15/i11/111807.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5498/wjp.v15.i11.111807

Gokcay H, Takım U, Sağlam T. Sleep quality in bipolar disorder: A comparative study of treatment with lithium and valproic acid. World J Psychiatry 2025; 15(11): 111807 [PMID: 41281526 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v15.i11.111807]

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