Comparison of depression risk and depression-related ambulatory care utilization in sarcopenia patients with and without Chinese herbal medicine

Table 3 Age- and gender-specific risk of depression in sarcopenia patients with regard to exposure of Chinese herbal medicines use, n (%)

Variables	Depression cases	Crude OR (95%CI)	Adjusted OR (95%CI)
Female
Non-CHMs users	611 (57.3)	1	1
CHMs users	455 (42.7)	0.72 (0.61-0.80)	0.60 (0.60-0.81)1
Male
Non-CHMs users	382 (70.2)	1	1
CHMs users	162 (29.8)	0.74 (0.59-0.91)	0.75 (0.60-0.93)1
Age > 50 years
Non-CHMs users	587 (64.9)	1	1
CHMs users	317 (35.9)	0.83 (0.71-0.98)	0.82 (0.70-0.98)2
Age ≤ 50 years
Non-CHMs users	411 (58.2)	1	1
CHMs users	295 (41.8)	0.59 (0.49-0.70)	0.58 (0.48-0.97)2

¹Model adjusted for age, residential area, monthly income, and Charlson-Deyo Comorbidity Index.

²Model adjusted for gender, residential area, monthly income, and Charlson-Deyo Comorbidity Index.

CHMs: Chinese herbal medicines; OR: Odds ratio; CI: Confidence interval.