Illness uncertainty, anxiety, and depression in primary glaucoma and associated influencing factors

Table 4 Univariate analysis of factors influencing anxiety/depression in primary glaucoma patients, n (%)

Indicators	Anxiety/depression (n = 41)	Non-anxiety/depression (n = 79)	χ2	P value
Gender			0.243	0.622
Male (n = 49)	18 (43.90)	31 (39.24)
Female (n = 71)	23 (56.10)	48 (60.76)
Age (years old)			1.163	0.281
< 60 (n = 55)	16 (39.02)	39 (49.37)
≥ 60 (n = 65)	25 (60.98)	40 (50.63)
Disease duration (months)			8.167	0.017
< 1 (n = 58)	16 (39.02)	42 (53.16)
1-12 (n = 36)	10 (24.39)	26 (32.91)
> 12 (n = 26)	15 (36.59)	11 (13.92)
Disease type			1.536	0.464
Acute angle-closure glaucoma (n = 36)	13 (31.71)	23 (29.11)
Chronic angle-closure glaucoma (n = 61)	18 (43.90)	43 (54.43)
Open-angle glaucoma (n = 23)	10 (24.39)	13 (16.46)
Educational level			0.443	0.506
Below senior high school (n = 42)	16 (39.02)	26 (32.91)
Senior high school or above (n = 78)	25 (60.98)	53 (67.09)
Insomnia			9.461	0.002
No (n = 88)	23 (56.10)	65 (82.28)
Yes (n = 32)	18 (43.90)	14 (17.72)
Monthly household income per capita (yuan)			9.213	0.010
< 2500 (n = 56)	27 (65.85)	29 (36.71)
2500-5000 (n = 46)	10 (24.39)	36 (45.57)
> 5000 (n = 18)	4 (9.76)	14 (17.72)
Comorbid chronic conditions			4.102	0.043
No (n = 97)	29 (70.73)	68 (86.08)
Yes (n = 23)	12 (29.27)	11 (13.92)

Insomnia in this case is a complication of glaucoma rather than a primary condition.