©The Author(s) 2025.
World J Psychiatry. Oct 19, 2025; 15(10): 110404
Published online Oct 19, 2025. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v15.i10.110404
Published online Oct 19, 2025. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v15.i10.110404
Table 5 Risk-of-bias assessment using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale tool
| Ref. | Is the case definition adequate? | Representativeness of the cases | Selection of controls | Definition of controls | Comparability of cases and controls based on the design or analysis | Ascertainment of exposure | Same method of ascertainment for cases and controls | Non-response rate | Total |
| Pagoto et al[32], 2009 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 9 |
| Fuemmeler et al[33], 2011 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 8 |
| Aguirre Castaneda et al[37], 2016 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 9 |
| Hanć et al[36], 2015 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 8 |
- Citation: Zhang Y, Miao YY, Wang FX, Li X, Wang JH, Wang ZL, Ren QS, Wang YL, Yuan FJ, Zhou YJ, Shang MY. Effects of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder on growth in children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis. World J Psychiatry 2025; 15(10): 110404
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2220-3206/full/v15/i10/110404.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5498/wjp.v15.i10.110404