Believing processes during the COVID-19 pandemic in individuals with bipolar disorder: An exploratory study

Table 1 Differences in the psychiatric symptoms and the credition parameters between the bipolar individuals and controls

	Bipolar		Control		F	P value	η2p
	M	SD	M	SD
BSI-18	13.21	13.45	3.83	4.23	23.05	< 0.001	0.18
BDI-II	12.08	10.92	2.77	3.54	34.22	< 0.001	0.25
ASRM	1.52	2.73	0.94	1.60	1.731,2	0.192
PSQI	7.08	4.26	4.12	2.34	19.30	< 0.001	0.16
Positive propositions	3.15	1.80	4.08	1.57	7.78	0.006	0.07
Negative propositions	1.63	1.70	0.81	1.10	8.89	0.004	0.08
Indifferent propositions	1.23	1.17	1.12	1.00	0.29	0.590
Positive emotions	3.10	2.31	4.54	1.49	14.31	< 0.001	0.12
Negative emotions	2.65	2.34	1.06	1.34	18.232,3	< 0.001	0.18
Indifferent emotions	0.25	0.65	0.38	0.75	0.96	0.329
Incongruence4	2.13	1.39	1.38	1.09	9.42	0.003	0.08
Certainty5	80.49	15.67	86.35	10.44	5.03	0.027	0.05
Mightiness5	78.11	13.91	77.20	15.98	0.10	0.757

¹Welch´s F.

²df_error = 82.46.

³df_error = 80.98.

⁴Incongruence between the propositions and the emotions.

⁵In percent.

Bold letters: Bonferroni corrected significant differences. df = 1; df_error = 102; BSI-18: Brief-Symptom Inventory-18; BDI-II: Beck Depression Inventory; ASRM: Altman Self-Rating Mania Scale; PSQI: Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index.