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©The Author(s) 2022.
World J Psychiatry. Feb 19, 2022; 12(2): 348-367
Published online Feb 19, 2022. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v12.i2.348
Published online Feb 19, 2022. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v12.i2.348
Table 3 Catatonia signs frequency using Bush Francis Catatonia Rating Scale in older people
| Catatonia signs | Country, clinical setting, (n: Patients) | Total (n = 79) | % | ||||
| Spain[5] CLS, (n: 10) | Australia[10] CLS, (n: 6) | United Kingdom[7] PW, (n: 10) | Hungary[11] APW, (n: 11) | Spain[12] PW, (n: 42) | |||
| Inmobility/stupor | 10 | 5 | 7 | 7 | 24 | 53 | 67.1 |
| Staring | 10 | 3 | 7 | 7 | 22 | 49 | 62.0 |
| Mutism | 8 | 2 | 7 | 4 | 18 | 39 | 49.5 |
| Negativism | 7 | 3 | 4 | 0 | 25 | 39 | 49.5 |
| Withdrawal | 8 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 18 | 36 | 45.6 |
| Rigidity | 9 | 4 | 6 | 2 | 15 | 36 | 45.6 |
| Excitement | 0 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 27 | 33 | 41.8 |
| Posturing | 7 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 8 | 30 | 37.9 |
| Verbigeration | 1 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 26 | 30 | 37.9 |
| Perseveration | 1 | 0 | 3 | 2 | 20 | 20 | 33.0 |
| Stereotipies | 4 | 1 | 4 | 2 | 15 | 26 | 33.0 |
| Autonomic abnormalities | 1 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 16 | 16 | 27.8 |
| Impulsivity | 1 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 15 | 19 | 24.0 |
| Automatic obedience | 1 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 16 | 22 | 21.5 |
| Combativeness | 2 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 14 | 20 | 20.4 |
| Ecophenomena | 6 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 5 | 14 | 17.7 |
| Ambitendency | 0 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 8 | 13 | 16.5 |
| Grasp reflex | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 9 | 13 | 16.5 |
| Grimacing | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 8 | 12 | 15.3 |
| Mitgehen | 3 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 1 | 9 | 11.4 |
| Gegenhalten | 3 | 0 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 8 | 10.2 |
| Waxi flexibility | 2 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 7.6 |
| Mannerism | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 4 | 5.1 |
- Citation: Jaimes-Albornoz W, Ruiz de Pellon-Santamaria A, Nizama-Vía A, Isetta M, Albajar I, Serra-Mestres J. Catatonia in older adults: A systematic review. World J Psychiatry 2022; 12(2): 348-367
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2220-3206/full/v12/i2/348.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5498/wjp.v12.i2.348