Deep brain stimulation for obsessive-compulsive disorder: A systematic review of worldwide experience after 20 years

Table 7 Summary of results for the long-term studies

	Ref.	Average baseline Y-BOCS	Average Y-BOCS at LFU	Average Y-BOCS improvement (%)	Average responders (%)	Depression (HDRS, BDI, MADRS, QIDS, IDS-30)	Depression scale improvement	Global buncionality (GAF, IADL, SF-36)	Functionality improvement
RCT	Luyten et al[20], 2016	35	19.3	45	67	Yes, HDRS	Yes	Yes, GAF	Yes
Non-RCT	Choudhury et al[78], 2017	37	21	43	100	Yes, BDI	Yes	Yes, IADL	Yes
	Fayad et al[33], 2016	33.6	15.1	55	66	Yes, HDRS	No	Yes, SF-36	Yes
	Graat et al[19], 2020	33.3	20.5	39	50	Yes, HDRS	Yes	Yes, GAF	Yes
	Gupta et al[35], 2019	38	11	71	100	Yes, BDI	Yes	NR	NR
	Greenberg et al[36], 2010	34	21.5	36	61	Yes, HDRS	Yes	Yes, GAF	Yes
	Holland et al[21], 2020	34.5	20.7	40.3	22	Yes, HDRS, MADRS, QIDS, IDS-30 and BDI	Yes	Yes, GAF	NR
	Lee et al[37], 2019	35	16	54	100	Yes, HDRS	Yes	NR	NR
	Mallet et al[22], 2019	32.4	15.4	50	75	Yes, BDI	Yes	Yes, GAF	Yes
	Polosan et al[38], 2019	34.3	20	41	NR	NR	NR	NR	NR
	Winter et al[28], 2021	32.1	17.7	45	66	Yes, BDI	Yes	NR	NR

BDI: Beck depression inventory; GAF: Global Assessment of Functioning; HDRS: Hamilton depressive rating scale; IADL: Lawton instrumental activities of daily living scale; IDS-30: Inventory of depressive symptomatology; LFU: Last follow-up; MADRS: Montgomery Asberg Depression rating scale; NR: Not reported; QIDS: Quick inventory of depressive symptomatology; RCT: Randomized controlled trial; SF-36: Short form survey; Y-BOCS: Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive scale.