Deep brain stimulation for obsessive-compulsive disorder: A systematic review of worldwide experience after 20 years

Table 6 Summary of results for the short-term studies

	Ref.	Average baseline Y-BOCS	Average Y-BOCS at LFU	Average Y-BOCS improvement (%)	Average responders (%)	Depression (HDRS, BDI, MADRS, DASS, POMS)	Depression scale improvement	Global functionality (GAF, CGIS, SOFAS)	Functionality improvement
RCT	Abelson et al[67], 2005	32.7	23	30	50	Yes, HDRS	Yes	NR	NR
	Barcia et al[32], 2019	32.2	15.4	51	85.7	Yes, HDRS and BDI	No	NR	NR
	Goodman et al[16], 2010	33.7	18	46	67	Yes, HDRS	Yes	Yes, CGISS	Yes
	Abelson et al[67], 2005	32.3	25.4	21	8.3	Yes, HDRS and BDI	Yes	Yes, GAF	Yes
	Barcia et al[32], 2019	36.1	14.1	61	NR	Yes, MADRS	Yes	NR	NR
	Goodman et al[16], 2010	33.5	23.2	30	37.5	Yes, MADRS	No	NR	NR
Non-RCT	Anderson and Ahmed[74], 2003	34	1	97	100	NR	NR	Yes, GAF	Yes
	Aouizerate et al[75], 2009	25	11	56	100	Yes, HDRS	Yes	NR	NR
	Azriel et al[76], 2020	33	16	48	100	NR	NR	NR	NR
	Chabardes et al[29], 2020	33.3	15.8	53	73	NR	NR	Yes, GAF	Yes
	Chang et al[77], 2017	36	25	30	0	Yes, HDRS	NR	Yes, GAF	Yes
	Coenen et al[79], 2017	30	20.5	31	50	Yes, BDI	Yes	Yes, GAF	NR
	Denys et al[44], 2020	33.7	20.2	40	52	Yes, HDRS	Yes	NR	NR
	Doshi et al[80], 2019	19	5	73.7	100	Yes, HDRS	Yes	NR	NR
	Farrand et al[42], 2018	32.8	24	26	42.8	Yes, DASS-D	Yes	Yes, SOFAS	Yes
	Franzini et al[81], 2010	34	20	41	50	Yes, HDRS	Yes	Yes, GAF	Yes
	Gabriëls et al[53], 2003	33.6	21	37.5	66.6	Yes, POMS	No	NR	NR
	Grant et al[34], 2016	32	9	71	100	NR	NR	NR	NR
	Huys et al[30], 2019	30.9	20.7	33	40	Yes, BDI	No	Yes, GAF	Yes
	Islam et al[40], 2015	35.3	20.8	41	50	Yes, HDRS	NR	Yes, GAF	NR
	Jiménez et al[55], 2013	35.8	15.5	56	100	NR	NR	Yes, GAF	Yes
	Maarouf et al[45], 2016	34.7	31	10	0	Yes, BDI	NR	Yes, GAF	No
	Menchón et al[13], 2021	34.7	20	42	60	Yes, MADRS	Yes	Yes, GAF	Yes
	Mulders et al[82], 2017	34	17	48	100	NR	NR	NR	NR
	Plewnia et al[83], 2008	31	24	25	0	NR	NR	Yes, GAF	Yes
	Roh et al[61], 2012	38	14.8	59.7	100	Yes, HDRS	NR	Yes, GAF	Yes
	Sachdev et al[84], 2012	39	5	87.1	100	NR	NR	NR	NR
	Senova et al[85], 2020	31	1	96	100	Yes, MADRS	Yes	NR	NR
	Tsai et al[49], 2012	36.3	24	33.8	25	Yes, HDRS	Yes	Yes, GAF	Yes

BDI: Beck depression inventory; CGISS: Clinical global impression severity scale; DASS-D: Depression anxiety stress scale-depression; GAF: Global Assessment of Functioning; HDRS: Hamilton depressive rating scale; LFU: Last follow-up; MADRS: Montgomery Asberg Depression rating scale; NR: Not reported; POMS: Profile of mood states; RCT: Randomized controlled trial; SOFAS: Social and Occupational Functioning Assessment scale; Y-BOCS: Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive scale.