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Retrospective Study
©The Author(s) 2021.
World J Psychiatr. Oct 19, 2021; 11(10): 854-863
Published online Oct 19, 2021. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v11.i10.854
Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of the study sample according to use of mechanical restraint (univariate analysis), n (%)

n (%)
Without MR
With MR
Z, χ2
P value
Age (Median/IQR)42 (30-53)44 (31-56)39 (28-48)(Z) 2.8010.005
Sex1.1240.289
Male234 (50.4)169 (72.2)65 (27.8)
Female230 (49.6)176 (76.5)54 (23.5)
Diagnosis18.4140.000
Psychotic disorder318 (68.5)219 (68.9)99 (31.1)
Depressive disorder55 (11.9)51 (92.7)4 (7.3)
SAD21 (4.5)16 (76.2)5 (23.8)
Others70 (15.1)59 (84.3)11 (15.7)
Language barrier15.0580.000
No388 (83.6)302 (77.8)86 (22.2)
Yes76 (16.4)43 (56.6)33 (43.4)
Cultural barrier7.7560.005
No313 (67.5)245 (78.3)68 (21.7)
Yes151 (32.5)100 (66.2)51 (33.8)


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