Effects of age and sex on clinical high-risk for psychosis in the community

Table 1 Clinical high risk for psychosis criteria

Ultra-high risk (UHR) criteria as per the Structured Interview for Psychosis-Risk Syndromes (SIPS) and basic symptom (BS) criteria as per the Schizophrenia Proneness Instruments (SPI-A/SPI-CY)[15,16]
UHR: Brief Intermittent Psychotic Symptoms Syndrome (BIPSS)
≥ 1 of the following SIPS positive (P) items scored 6 = “severe and psychotic” with first appearance in the past 3 months and a presence of at least several minutes per day at a frequency of at least once per month but less than 7 d:
P1 Unusual Thought Content/Delusional Ideas
P2 Suspiciousness/Persecutory Ideas
P3 Grandiose Ideas
P4 Perceptual Abnormalities/Hallucinations
P5 Disorganized Communication
UHR: Attenuated Psychotic Symptoms Syndrome (APSS)
≥ 1 of the above P-items scored 3 = “moderate” to 5 = “severe but not psychotic” with a first appearance within the past year or current rating one or more scale points higher compared to 12 mo ago, and with an occurrence of an average frequency of at least once per week in the past month.
UHR: Genetic Risk and Deterioration Syndrome (GRDS)
Patient meets SIPS-criteria for Schizotypal Personality Disorder or has 1st-degree relative with a psychotic disorder, and has experienced > 30% drop in the global assessment of functioning score over the last month compared to 12 mo ago
BS: Cognitive-Perceptive Basic Symptoms (COPER)
≥ 1 of the following BS with a score of ≥ 3 = “frequency of at least several times in a month or weekly” within the last 3 mo and with first occurrence ≥ 12 mo ago:
Thought interference
Thought perseveration
Thought pressure
Thought blockages
Disturbance of receptive speech
Decreased ability to discriminate between ideas/perception, fantasy/memories
Unstable ideas of reference
Derealization
Visual perception disturbances (excl. hypersensitivity to light or blurred vision)
Acoustic perception disturbances (excl. hypersensitivity to sounds)
BS: Cognitive Disturbances (COGDIS)
≥ 2 of the following BS with a score of ≥ 3 within the last 3 mo:
Inability to divide attention
Thought interference
Thought pressure
Thought blockages
Disturbance of receptive speech
Disturbance of expressive speech
Unstable ideas of reference
Disturbances of abstract thinking
Captivation of attention by details of the visual field