Diagnostic accuracy and clinical utility of non-English versions of Edinburgh Post-Natal Depression Scale for screening post-natal depression in India: A meta-analysis

Table 1 Summary of the included and excluded studies with their individual Quality Assessment of Diagnostic-Accuracy Studies-2 details

PICO details								QUADAS-2
								Risk of bias				Applicability concerns
Ref.	Sample,n	Setting, Age, PN	EPDS language	EPDS thres-hold	Interview schedule, Reference standard	Sn	Sp	PS	IT	RS	F&T	PS	IT	RS
Patel et al[13], 2002	270	Clinic, 18-40 yr, 6-8 wk PN	Konkani	11/12	CIS-R, ICD-10	92	85	UC	L	L	UC	UC	UC	UC
Benjamin et al[14], 2005	121	Clinic, 17-35 yr, NA-PN	Tamil	8/9	CIS-R, ICD-10	94.1	90.2	UC	L	UC	UC	L	L	L
Werrett and Clifford[15], 2006	25	Clinic, 23-40 yr; 5-8 wk, 10-14 wk PN	Punjabi	12.5/13	CIDI, ICD-10	71.4	93.7	L	L	L	L	L	L	L
Fernandes et al[16], 2011	194	Clinic, 3rd trimester	Kannada	12/13	MINI-Plus, DSM-IV	100	84.9	UC	L	L	UC	L	L	L
Desai et al[17], 2011	200	Clinic, 18-35, up to 6 mo PN	Gujarati	10.5/11	SSI, DSM-IV	100	98	UC	L	UC	UC	L	L	L
Savarimuthu et al[18], 2012	137	Community 21-30 yr, 4-6 wk PN	Tamil	6/7	CI, ICD-10	85.3	77.7	UC	L	UC	L	L	L	L
Kalita et al[19], 2015	200	Clinic, 18-42 yr, 6 wk PN	Assame-se	13	CI, ICD-10	88.9	85.3	UC	L	UC	H	L	L	L
Maity et al[20], 2015	105	Clinic, NA, NA	Bengali	13	NA	84	91	H	UC	H	H	H	H	H
Khapre et al[21], 2017	280	Community, 25 yr median, 2 wk PN	Marathi	12/13	SSI, ICD-10	93.8	94.9	UC	L	UC	UC	L	L	L

Patient selection (PS): Describe methods of patient selection; Index text (IT): Describe the index test and how it was conducted and interpreted; Reference standard (RS): Describe the reference standard and how it was conducted and interpreted; Flow and timing (F&T): Describe any patients who did not receive the index tests or reference standard or who were excluded from the 2 × 2 table, and describe the interval and any interventions between index tests and the reference standard; H: High bias (if any signalling question was answered “no,”); L: Low bias (if the answers to all signalling questions for a domain were “yes,”); UC: Unclear (if insufficient data were reported to permit our judgment). PICO: Participants, Index measure, Comparative reference measure and Outcome of diagnostic accuracy; CIS-R: Clinical Interview Schedule (Revised); CI: Clinical Interview; CIDI: Composite international diagnostic interview; ICD-10: International Classification of Diseases, Edition 10; DSM-IV: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, IV^th Edition; MINIPlus: Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview Plus; SSI: Semi-structured Interview; PN: Post-natal period; NA: Not available; QUADAS-2: Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2.