Convection-based vs conduction-based cooling in rehabilitation: A cadaveric porcine study of surface and intra-articular temperature reduction

Figure 4 Temperature change at the 20-minute primary endpoint stratified by tissue depth and cooling condition. The ΔT20, defined as T (20 minutes) - T0, for subdermal tissue, intramuscular tissue, and the intra-articular or retropatellar knee joint space. A: Subdermal tissue; B: Intramuscular tissue; C: The intra-articular or retropatellar knee joint space. Negative values represent cooling, and positive values represent warming. ThermoCuff produced the largest early reductions in subdermal and intra-articular temperatures under the tested cadaveric conditions. In contrast, intramuscular temperature changes were less pronounced across all conditions. SA1: SootheAway 1; SA2: SootheAway 2; TC: ThermoCuff; AMB: Ambient control.