Comparison of ozone administration routes on liver, lung, and brain damage after spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury

doi:10.5493/wjem.118828

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World Journal of Experimental Medicine

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2220-315x

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Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.

World J Exp Med. Jun 20, 2026; 16(2): 118828
Published online Jun 20, 2026. doi: 10.5493/wjem.118828

Table 1 Liver tissue histopathological findings (means ± SEs)

	C group (n = 6)	IR group (n = 6)	IRRO group (n = 6)	IRITO group (n = 6)	IRIPO group (n = 6)	P value¹
Hepatocyte degeneration	0.17 ± 0.17	1.33 ± 0.21^a	0.67 ± 0.21	0.50 ± 0.22^b	0.67 ± 0.33	0.028
Sinusoidal dilatation	0.17 ± 0.17	1.33 ± 0.21^a	0.83 ± 0.31	0.50 ± 0.22^b	0.67 ± 0.33	0.045
Pycnotic nucleus	0.17 ± 0.17	1.33 ± 0.21^a	0.67 ± 0.21^b	0.33 ± 0.21^b	0.67 ± 0.21^b	0.005
Cell undergoing necrosis	0.17 ± 0.17	1.50 ± 0.22^a	0.67 ± 0.21^b	0.50 ± 0.22^b	0.67 ± 0.21^b	0.002
MN cell infiltration in the parenchyma	0.17 ± 0.17	1.33 ± 0.21^a	0.67 ± 0.33	0.33 ± 0.21^b	0.50 ± 0.22^b	0.018

¹Significance level using the Kruskal-Wallis test; P < 0.05.

^aP < 0.05: Compared to the control group.

^bP < 0.05: Compared to the ischemia-reperfusion group.

C group: Control group; IR group: Ischemia-reperfusion group; IRRO group: Ischemia-reperfusion rectal ozone group; IRITO group: Ischemia-reperfusion intrathecal ozone group; IRIPO group: Ischemia-reperfusion intraperitoneal ozone group; MN: Mononuclear.

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Citation: Şengel N, Köksal Z, Küçük A, Sezen ŞC, Güneş I, Atlı M, Kip G, Gökgöz Acar S, Özer A, Kavutçu M, Arslan M. Comparison of ozone administration routes on liver, lung, and brain damage after spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury. World J Exp Med 2026; 16(2): 118828
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2220-315x/full/v16/i2/118828.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5493/wjem.118828

Şengel N, Köksal Z, Küçük A, Sezen ŞC, Güneş I, Atlı M, Kip G, Gökgöz Acar S, Özer A, Kavutçu M, Arslan M. Comparison of ozone administration routes on liver, lung, and brain damage after spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury. World J Exp Med 2026; 16(2): 118828 [PMID: 42394782 DOI: 10.5493/wjem.118828]

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