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Systematic Reviews
©The Author(s) 2025.
World J Exp Med. Dec 20, 2025; 15(4): 111043
Published online Dec 20, 2025. doi: 10.5493/wjem.v15.i4.111043
Table 3 Quality assessment for observational and cross-sectional studies using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale
Ref.
Selection (0-4)
Comparability (0-2)
Outcome assessment (0-3)
Total score (0-9)
Quality
Magro et al[8]4239High
Gonzalez et al[4]3126Moderate
Santos-Gόmez et al[10]2114Low
Narula et al[21]4239High
De Gottardi et al[6]3126Moderate
Dinsdale et al[22]4239High
Vital et al[15]3126Moderate
Shivaprasad et al[19]4239High
Nebuchennykh et al[17]2114Low
Yozgatli et al[20]4239High


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